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O188OFF_ICIAt CITY ORDINANCE NO. 188 SECiiE~A~ti"S COPY AN ORDINANCE UPDATING THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN FOR THE CITY OF KENNEDALE BY AMENDING THE FORMER PLAN IN ITS ENTIRETY; PROVIDING THAT THIS ORDINANCE SHALL BE CUMULATIVE OF ALL ORDINANCES; PROVIDING A SEVERABILITY CLAUSE; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the City of Kennedale, Texas is a home rule city acting under its charter adopted by the electorate pursuant to Article XI, Section 5 of the Texas Constitution and Chapter 9 of the Local Government Code; WHEREAS, the City of Kennedale has previously adopted a Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the long-range development of the City; and WHEREAS, it is necessary to amend the entirety of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan to update the information it contains; and WHEREAS, the Planning and Zoning Commission held a public hearing on January 20, 2000 and the City Council held a public hearing on February 10, 2000 on the adoption of the proposed Comprehensive Land Use Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF KENNEDALE, TEXAS: SECTION 1. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the City of Kennedale is amended by repealing all previous Comprehensive Land Use Plans and replacing said Plans with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan attached as Exhibit "A" and fully incorporated into this Ordinance for all purposes. SECTION 2. This ordinance shall be cumulative of all provisions of ordinances of the City of Kennedale, Texas, except where the provisions of this ordinance are indirect conflict with W:\Kennedale\ORDINANC\CompPlan.DND.wpd (February 28, 2000) Page 1 .~ the provisions of such ordinances, in which event the conflicting provisions of such ordinances are hereby repealed. SECTION 3. It is hereby declared to be the intention of the City Council that the phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, and sections of this ordinance are severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section of this ordinance shall be declared unconstitutional by the valid judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction, such unconstitutionality shall not affect any of the remaining phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs and sections of this ordinance, since the same would have been enacted by the City Council without the incorporation in this ordinance of any such unconstitutional phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph or section. SECTION 4. This ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after its passage, and it is so ordained. PASSED AND APPROVED ON THIS ~ DAY OF .'~C ~%%'~-~i , 2000. ,,•• O ....... Fp '•. V; ; *,: MAYOR *~ - . ~: ;p~ :. .: ATTEST: CIT SEC ETARY EFFECTIVE: ~%~3~ /~' APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY: tr CITY A TORNEY W:\Kennedale\ORDINANC\CompPlan.DND.wpd (February 28, 2000) Page 2 OFFICIAL CfTY SECRETARY'S Cv~`~ COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN KEN~1/E~.4LE FOR THE CITY OF KENNEDALE, TEXAS Mare 9, 2000 ¶0 1161 SW Wilshire ~~~~ is ~~ o f 1~R~nn4rJ Suite 119 Mnnici al Piannin Resources Gron ,Inc. Burleson, Texas 76028 P 8 P 817-295.2700 R~ ,_, ,.. .:, 1 1 1 1 1 1 City of Kennedale, Texas Comprehensive Land Use Plan Mark S. Wright, Mayor John Clark, Place 1 Nita D. Vaughn, Place 2 City Council Ron Kovach, Mayor Pro-Tem, Place 4 Perry Hoover, Place 3 George Barrett, Place 5 Planning and Zoning Commission David Conroy, Chairman Ray Cowan Richard Jernigan Brian Johnson Bryan Lankhorst Jerry Miller Tiffany Spencer Jo Ann (Jodie) Risinger, Alternate Staff Ted Rowe, City Manager Michael Box, Director of Community Development & Enforcement Mort Wetterling, Planning, Zoning & Permits Margaret Eichelberger, Director of Economic Development Prepared by: The Citizen Planning Committee of Kennedale, Texas Assisted by: Municipal Planning Resources Group, Inc. March 9, 2000 The Citizen Planning Committee of Kennedale, Texas George Barrett, Kennedale City Council Tom Boone, Realtors Representative Tim Cecil, Kennedale Business Representative Bob Duval, Kennedale Park Board Lois Flynn, Oakcrest Home Owners Association Art Harrelson, Steeplechase Home Owners Association Brian Johnson, Kennedale Board of Adjustments Max Larseingue, Choice Homes/Builder Representative Lezlee Martin, Kennedale Chamber of Commerce Rob Morris, Kennedale Economic Development Council Marvin Raines, Representative of Kennedale Area Churches Ralph Selton, Developer/Builder Representative Jacqueline Skaggs, Danny Drive Home Owners Association Tim Smith, Kennedale Independent School District Tiffany Spencer, Kennedale Planning & Zoning Commission Nita Vaughn, Optimist Club/Organizations Representative/Kennedale City Council ao~c~~ Table of Contents Description Page Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................. i Chapter 1. General Information .................................................................................................................. 1-1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................................... l -1 ' History of Kennedale ............................................................................................................................... ' 1-1 Location ................................................................................................................................................... 1-2 Planning Process ...................................................................................................................................... l-2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ l -3 Chapter 2. Goals and Objectives ................................................................................................................ 2-1 Purpose and Definition ............................................................................................................................ 2-1 Example of Goals, Objectives, and Policies ........................................................................................... 2-1 Goals and Objectives Development Process .......................................................................................... 2-2 Kennedale General Land Use Goals &Objectives ............................................................................ 2-2 Kennedale Thoroughfare Goals & Objectives ................................................................................... 2-3 Kennedale Commercial Goals &Objectives ...................................................................................... 2-5 Kennedale Industrial Goals & Objectives .......................................................................................... 2-6 Kennedale Residential Goals & Objectives ....................................................................................... 2-7 Kennedale Community Facilities ........................................................................................................ 2-8 Goals & Objectives ............................................................................................................................. 2-8 Kennedale Parks & Open Space Goals &Objectives ........................................................................ 2-9 Chapter 3. Demographics ........................................................................................................................... 3-1 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ 3-1 Racial Characteristics .............................................................................................................................. 3-1 Age ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 -2 Socio-economics ...................................................................................................................................... 3-3 Future Population .................................................................................................................................... 3-3 Chapter 4. Existing Land Use ..................................................................................................................... 4-1 General Land Use Characteristics ........................................................................................................... 4-1 Residential Land Use ............................................................................................................................... 4-3 Commercial Land Use ............................................................................................................................. 4-4 Industrial Land Use ................................................................................................................................. 4-4 Public &Semi-Public Land Use ............................................................................................................. 4-4 Parks and Open Space ............................................................................................................................. 4-4 Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................................ 4-4 Undeveloped Land ................................................................................................................................... 4-4 Chapter 5. T'horoughfares ........................................................................................................................... 5-1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 5-1 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... 5-2 Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................................. 5-2 Street Functions and Classifications ....................................................................................................... 5-4 Thoroughfare Plan ................................................................................................................................... 5-6 Protecting the Capacity of Streets ........................................................................................................... 5-6 Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation ......................................................................................................... 5-7 CITY OF KENNEDALE Page I COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Table of Contents LJ V ~ 1~~~ Street Improvement Program .................................................................................................................. 5-7 Transportation Planning and Monitoring ............................................................................................... 5-8 Chapter 6. Planning Principles ................................................................................................................... 6-1 Urban Design Elements .......................................................................................................................... 6-1 Neighborhood Concept ........................................................................................................................... 6-1 Commercial Development Forms .......................................................................................................... 6-3 Screening Walls and Buffers .................................................................................................................. 6-5 Focal Points and Entry Statements ......................................................................................................... 6-6 Chapter 7. Future Land Use Plan ............................................................................................................... 7-1 Physical Features ..................................................................................................................................... 7-I Planning Principles ................................................................................................................................. 7-3 Future Land Use Plan Map ..................................................................................................................... 7-3 Residential Development ........................................................................................................................ 7-3 Commercial Development ...................................................................................................................... 7-4 Industrial Development ........................................................................................................................... 7-6 Public &Semi-Public ............................................................................................................................. 7-6 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space ........................................................................................................ 7-7 Chapter 8. Implementation ......................................................................................................................... 8-1 veneral ...............................................................................................:.................................................... 8~ Application of the Plan ........................................................................................................................... 8- I Adopted Policies ..................................................................................................................................... 8-2 Ordinance Application ............................................................................................................................ 8-3 Official Map Maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 8-4 Checklist, Form, and Application Revision ........................................................................................... 8-4 Planning Program .................................................................................................................................... 8-4 Page ii CITY OF KENNEDALE Table of Contents COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN I I 1 Purpose 1 LJ~ Chapter 1. General Information The purpose of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan is to give direction to future development in order to avoid the creation of incompatible physical impacts. Although nothing will insure that all land will develop exactly as it should, directed planning will enable City leaders to address many potential problems before they become permanent and undesirable landmarks. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan covers the entire jurisdiction of the municipality and has a long time horizon, typically 20 years. However, it is recommended that a review of the Plan be completed at least once every five years, or biannually if possible. In addition to the theoretical purpose of developing a Comprehensive Land Use Plan, there are also practical and legal reasons for this effort to be completed. The legal authority for preparing a Comprehensive Land Use Plan is found in state statutes that provide municipal authority for comprehensive planning and for zoning. Chapter 219 of the Texas Local Government Code specifically empowers cities to "adopt a comprehensive plan for the long range development of the municipality." The stated purpose in the state statutes is "for the purpose of promoting sound development of municipalities and promoting health, safety, and welfare." Section 211.004 of the Texas Local Government Code, which authorizes zoning, states, "Zoning regulations must be adopted ,~ in accordance with a comprehensive plan... (emphasis added). This legislation establishes the City's authority in making zoning decisions in accordance with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. History of Kennedale Native American artifacts, which date back 15 centuries or more, have been found around the present site of Kennedale. Indications are that this was a popular hunting and fishing area for small groups until permanent settlements were established along the bluffs overlooking the tributaries of the Trinity River. The land was attractive with rolling hills dotted with large post oaks and other trees. Sixteenth century Spanish explorers found native villages to be a good source of corn that was not generally grown out of this area. Because of the profusion of villages of the Caddo Tribe, the local tribe (and the area) came to be called the Caddo Village Creek, which has now been shortened, to Village Creek. In the mid-1800's, there were early signs of Kennedale becoming a transportation hub. Many wagon trails crossed through the future town site in numbers that exceeded the trails through what was to become the City of Arlington. In 1882, John D. Hudson, along with C. B. Teague and O. S. Kennedy, purchased land and established the town of Kennedale on the site of a mineral well. The well formed the focal point for development of a central business district with a train depot, hotel, general merchandise store, drug store, post office, lumber company and blacksmith. In 1886, the Fort Worth and New Orleans Railway was built through Kennedale to Waxahachie. A brickyard was established in 1888 at the location of the present City Park. Fire raged through the business district in 1908 destroying all but the general store. The business district was never rebuilt and business activity gradually migrated to Mansfield Highway. ' After an election with 42 voters in July 1947, the Town of Kennedale was incorporated with a population of 300. By 1950, the population has increased to 500 and a petition to the State of Texas was approved changing the status of Kennedale from a "Town" to a "City". (Source of History Section n CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 1-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN General Information [~ o~c~~ [~ ~~~~ ~ 1998 ennedale Economic Development Home Page) Kennedale became a home rule city January Location The City of Kennedale is strategically located at the intersection of three major freeways in the south central portion of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. With Interstate 20, Interstate Loop 820 and US 287 all adjacent to the City, Kennedale has excellent access throughout north Texas and beyond. Kennedale is located in southeast Tarrant County with the cities of Fort Worth, Arlington, Mansfield and Forest Hill adjacent to it. Kennedale is positioned to take advantage of the residential and commercial growth from southwest Arlington while maintaining the smaller hometown atmosphere. There is an abundance of undeveloped property within the Kennedale city limits and additional area in the Kennedale extra-territorial jurisdiction (ETJ) for future growth. Planning Process Although the planning process may differ from community to community depending on the individual needs of the citizens, there are some common elements found in most Comprehensive Land Use Plans. The Planning Process usually begins with an inventory phase. Before planning for the future, it is important to have a sense of the present state of the city and the probable future direction of the city. The Kennedale comprehensive planning process started with a data gathering and forecasting phase. Public input is critical to the development and ultimate success of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan. In order for the Plan to accurately reflect the desires of the community, it is necessary to provide opportunities for the public to participate in the planning process. A Leaders Task Force Committee was formed to draw input for the Comprehensive Plan from various groups active in the City of Kennedale. Some of these representatives were from governmental bodies, some from community organizations, some from home owners or neighborhood groups, some from the Kennedale business community and some representing builders and developers active in Kennedale. The Task Force has become the Citizens Planning Committee. The Citizen Planning Committee reviewed and revised the Page 1-2 CITY OF KENNEDALE General Information COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN goals and objectives for the Kennedale Comprehensive Plan. The Committee met during the summer and fall of 1999 to identify critical issues facing the community and then prioritize these issues in order to adopt goals, objectives, and implementation strategies. The community goals and objectives developed by the Citizen Planning Committee are included in the Goals and Objectives chapter of this document. The third phase of the planning process is the formulation of the plan. The current conditions of the city, the Goals and Objectives formulated with the citizens' input, and professional planning principles are considered and weighed, in order to determine the most desirable outcome for the City at the point of total development. Major emphasis was placed on the development of a Master Thoroughfare Plan that provided for significant improvements to the roadway network in Kennedale. With the proposed transportation system as the framework, various alternative land use configurations were considered. Once the analysis was complete, decisions were made as to what alternative(s) was the most beneficial to the community and that could best achieve the goals and objectives set forth in phase two of the planning process. Following the adoption of the Plan by the City, the implementation phase is a very important part of the planning process. By establishing an implementation plan, city leaders provide a mechanism by which the Goals and Objectives in the Comprehensive Plan can be realized. A number ~f r.:et.".ods may be used to implement the Comprehensive Plan, and the City may choose one or a combination of these methods. Implementation measures are discussed further in the Implementation chapter of this document. In many cases, municipalities consider the planning process complete when it reaches the point of implementation. However, it is important to note that the planning process is a cycle. Depending upon growth rates occurring in a city, all elements of the comprehensive planning process should be addressed at least every five years. As the planning process continues, the land use plan will change and evolve. Land use, demographics, the economy, and development patterns greatly affect the growth rate and pattern of a city. By reviewing the Plan on a regular basis, decision-makers may be assured that it continuously represents the changing needs of the citizenry. The twenty-year planning period should never be realized, but should continually be extended five more years at the occasion of each revision. Methodology The planning process began with the division of existing land use within the City into the following general land use categories: Residential Low Density -Single Family Residential Homes, this includes a broad range of housing sizes and values, it generally includes all detached single family houses regardless of the size of the lot or the size of the house. Moderate Density -Duplexes, fourplexes, townhouses, this includes a broad range of housing types that fall between the single family residential use and apartments, generally a large percentage of the moderate density residential may be rental units, although townhouses and condominiums are structured to accommodate individual home ownership. Manufactured Housing -these residential units are not site built, but manufactured in a factory and brought to the home site, the houses are inspected at the factory in conformance with the building standards of the industry (in the past similar housing was referred to as mobile homes), generally these units are clustered in manufactured housing parks or subdivisions. CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 1-3 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN General Information a o~c~~ uV ~~~~ High Density -Apartments or multifamily residential range from small apartment developments to large apartment complexes with amenities, generally apartments in the north Texas area are restricted to three story "garden" apartments, although some cities do allow high-rise apartments. • Commercial Commercial land uses included a broad range of retail sales, service retail, office, mixed use office/retail, small businesses, restaurants, entertainment uses and other commercial business establishments. • Industrial Industrial land uses included major manufacturing and warehouse uses, industrial fabrication and assembly, heavy commercial uses with an abundance of outside storage (such as the existing automotive salvage/wrecking yards), and other heavy and light industrial uses. • Public/Semi-Public Public and Semi-Public land uses include all governmental uses (city, county, state or federal), schools, churches or ether religious institutions, and some public utility uses. • Parks and Open Space Parks and Open Space uses include all existing public parks, privately maintained recreational uses, floodplains/floodways and other properties being used for open space. • Vacant (Undesignated Land Use) Properties that are shown as Vacant or Undeveloped land are classified as such because they are not "developed" in an urban (or suburban) sense. These properties may be used for agricultural uses such asgrazing/ranch land or cultivation for seasonal crops, but the properties have not been developed with a permanent urban land use. Some of the properties may ultimately be agricultural or permanent open space to buffer between incompatible land uses, but for the purposes of this plan they are considered as available for a more suburban type land use. Information of the existing conditions of both land use and demographics was then compiled. The information was presented to the Citizen Planning Committee. In addition, basic planning principles were introduced to enable the Citizen Planning Committee to plan for the future of Kennedale according to sound planning principles. Page 1-4 CITY OF KENNEDALE General Information COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN a o~c~~ Chapter 2. Goals and Objectives Purpose and Definition The foundation of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan is the set of Goals and Objectives developed through the public participation process. The City of Kennedale Goals and Objectives are tangible directives raised by citizens to guide the development of the city into the next century. These directives were used to establish the relationships among land uses on the Future Land Use Plan Map, and will guide officials as they make decisions regarding growth and development of the City. In order to provide an understanding of what is required in the development of Goals and Objectives, the following definitions are provided: Goals are general statements of the community's desired ultimate physical, social, economic, or environmental status. Goals set the standard with respect to the community's desired quality of life. Objectives are the approaches used to achieve the quality of life expressed by the community's goals. They identify the critical issues and provide direction in steering the city toward eventual achievement of its goals. Policies are the means by which objectives are carried out in order to achieve the goals of the City. Policies outline specific procedures to achieve a desired objective. Policies should be as specific and as measurable as possible so that they can be put into action with consistency and their effectiveness can be evaluated. Brief examples of Goals, Objectives, and Policies are provided in the following section. Example of Goals, Objectives, and Policies Goal (General in nature, relating to quality of life): 'All residential development within the City shall promote the health, safety, and welfare of all citizens of the community. " Objective (Denotes approach toward achieving the goal): "The City will establish proper development controls that require prior approval and monitoring of residential development. " Policy (Adopted directive establishing official means by which objectives are implemented): "The City will adopt applications and procedures for site plan reviews, preliminary platting, final platting, and engineering designs. " CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 2-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Goals and Objectives G`~ O~C~~ Goals and Objectives Development Process The City of Kennedale places importance on public input in local government. The Citizen Planning Committee met several times over a period of months in order to develop the Goals and Objectives related to General Land Use, Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Community Facilities, Thoroughfares and Parks and Open Space. The following final Goals and Objectives should be used to guide the development of the City of Kennedale through the twenty-years. KENNEDALE GENERAL LAND USE GOALS & OBJECTIVES Goal l Maintain the existing country living atmosphere. Objective 1-1 Encourage large lots and increased building line setbacks for new subdivisions. Ob, jective 1-2 Restrict commercial uses to major thoroughfares and high traffic intersections. Objective 1-3 Require attractive, permanent screening between residential and non-residential uses. Objective 1-4 Require subdivisions to dedicate floodplain areas for green belts and open space. (See Goal 19) Objective 1-5 Require pedestrian friendly designs for subdivisions and street projects. Objective 1-6 Minimize adverse effects of noise pollution. Goa12 Preserve and promote a mixture of land uses that provide optimum opportunity to live and work. Objective 2-1 Promote increased involvement of the City during the design process of new development. Objective 2-2 Encourage programs that emphasize the rehabilitation of older existing residential and non- residential structures. Goa13 To improve the relationship of mixed uses in areas that consist of a variety of incompatible uses. Page 2-2 Goals and Objectives CITY OF KENNEDALE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Objective 3-1 Encourage commercial uses to maintain a residential character that is compatible to the dominant residential theme in areas where commercial uses are encroaching upon residential uses. Objective 3-2 Encourage the transition of incompatible uses to compatible uses in areas of mixed use. Goa14 To coordinate planning efforts and future development with area communities and agencies involved in land development issues. Objective 4-1 Coordinate City goals, objectives and policies with the Kennedale Independent School District (KISD), Tarrant County, North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) and other governme*?ta! agencies, as well ~s the Cities of Arlington, Fort Worth, Forest Hill and Mansfield. Objective 4-2 Coordinate City goals, objectives and policies with the Kennedale Chamber of Commerce, the Southwest Metroplex Alliance, Texas Utilities (TxU), Southwestern Bell Telephone, the Kennedale Economic Development Corporation and other Chambers of Commerce. Goa15 To minimize exposure to incompatible man-made and natural environmental impacts. Objective 5-1 Coordinate with the City of Fort Worth to mitigate environmental impacts from the sanitary landfill to surrounding land uses. Objective 5-2 Develop guidelines which set forth regulations regarding development adjacent to man-made and environmental effects, such as major thoroughfares and railroads, racetracks, floodplains and floodways and the existing sand and gravel operations. KENNEDALE THOROUGHFARE GOALS & OBJECTIVES Goa16 Improve the overall thoroughfare system for the City of Kennedale by creating a system of streets based on the needs of commercial, industrial, public/semi-public, residential and recreational land uses and avoid detrimental impacts on residential areas. Objective 6-1 Connect Kennedale-Little School Road and Kennedale-Sublett Road to Business 287 (Mansfield Highway) creating new major signalized intersections. ~] o~c~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 2-3 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Goals and Objectives [~ o~c~~ Objective 6-2 Connect Bowman Springs Road to Dick Price Road creating a new major signalized intersection on Business 287 (Mansfield Highway). Objective 6-3 Construct an arterial street grade separation over the railroad track to facilitate better east-west circulation at all times between the eastern and western portions of the city. Objective 6-4 As required in the new Subdivision Ordinance, construct all new street intersections to intersect at ninety degrees to improve visibility, improve sight lines, improve traffic movements and improve the efficiency of traffic control devices. When streets are reconstructed, improve the intersections to follow the same ninety degree intersect standard as closely as possible. Objective 6-5 Eliminate the of-set intersection of Kennedale-Sublett Road at Kennedale Little School Road. Objective 6-6 Establish visibility triangles at all intersections. Goal 7 Ensure that the thoroughfare system has sufficient capacity by functional classification for the development densities and land uses currently served and planned in the future. Objective 7-1 Develop a thoroughfare system based upon the principles of functional classification and design. Objective 7-2 Improve and maintain the traffic carrying capability and level of service of new arterial thoroughfares. Objective 7-3 Insure that the Capital Improvement Program (C.I.P.) includes provisions for upgrading streets in conformance with the Subdivision Ordinance and Master Thoroughfare Plan. Goa18 Encourage and participate in the development of a balanced transportation system capable of moving both people and goods in a safe, expeditious, economical and environmentally sensitive manner. Objective 8-1 Provide methods in the form of regulations and policies that enable City officials to control the placement and construction standards of existing and proposed thoroughfares. Page 2-4 CITY OF KENNEDALE Goals and Objectives COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Objective 8-2 Encourage the organization of land uses in a manner that facilitates an efficient and cost effective thoroughfare system. Objective 8-3 Provide a concerted effort to have thoroughfare systems address the needs and safety of the handicapped, aged, children, and for other pedestrian oriented activities. J Qbjective 8-4 Provide sidewalks along minor arterial streets. ,.,,.~.~...~..~.,..,~.~.. ...~,~.,,...~,.., ~.A.,..... _ _ ., KENNEDALE COMMERCIAL GOALS & OBJECTIVES ' Goal 9 Prc...otc an economic cli^:ate for the City that will encourage the establishment of commercial businesses that will be of benefit to the community. Promote stability and diversification. ' Q~jective 9-1 Encourage commercial development to occur so that it is complimentary and compatible with surrounding land uses and which emphasizes retail uses. 1 Q~jective 9-2 Develop a Municipal Golf Course. Goal 10 ' It is the desire of the community to encourage the development of safe, aesthetically pleasing, comfortable, and convenient places to work, shop, and do business. Qbjective 10-1 Encourage the redevelopment of areas along Business 287 in conformance with the 287 overlay to promote predominantly commercial uses. Q¢jective 10-2 Minimize the adverse impact of strip commercial development by encouraging the positive influence of corridor development characteristics such as: • Common and shared driveway access • Landscaping provided in the front yard areas • Attractive and controlled signage • Uniform setback from streets that provide opportunity for landscaping and aesthetic treatments. Objective 10-3 Provide appropriate controls that require parking and traffic movement to be satisfied on each commercial site. CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 2-5 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Goals and Objectives a o~c~~ L~ O~CS~ Goal 11 Recognize that appropriate locations for commercial development are at areas of high vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Objective 11-1 Apply the principles of corridor commercial development to arterial streets and node commercial development at these intersections. Objective 11-2 Promote the use of arterial streets as the most desirable location for commercial land uses. Objective 11-3 Encourage commercial development along undeveloped arterials while maintaining the positive natural character of the area. Goal 12 Commercial land uses should take appropriate steps to minimize the adverse impacts on less intense land uses. Objective 12-1 Further commercial development along corridors in order to maintain the viability of neighborhoods. Objective 12-2 Promote buffering and screening of commercial development from adjacent residential uses. Objective 12-3 Recognize the criteria of the `neighborhood concept' as the appropriate demonstration of the relationship of commercial development with residential neighborhoods. Objective 12-4 The development of large commercial tracts should include conceptual site planning on the total site such that the developed parts promote the overall development of the total site. KENNEDALE INDUSTRIAL GOALS & OBJECTIVES Goa113 Encourage development and expansion of existing industrial uses and attract major industrial users/employers that will provide a strong economic base for the City of Kennedale. Objective 13-1 Examine the needs of industry representatives and provide interested developers with an inventory of possible sites and their amenities. Objective 13-2 Encourage industrial land uses to develop within designated industrial districts identified by the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Page 2-6 CITY OF KENNEDALE Goals and Objectives COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Objective 13-3 Work with industrial businesses to develop property in harmony with adjacent zoning (especially residential) by using increased landscaping and screening. i KENNEDALE RESIDENTIAL GOALS & OBJECTIVES Goa114 ' Encourage growth and development of a wide variety of housing sizes, price ranges and densities in appropriate areas to meet the needs of all citizens. ' Objective 14-1 Encourage low density single family residential development. ' Objective 14-2 Encourage moderate density uses at locations that can provide for adequate off-street p~rking and are compatible with higher traffic volumes. ' Objective 14-3 Encourage redevelopment of existing duplex and multifamily developments such that they provide added amenities and protect property values. ' Objective 14-4 Contain the quantity of existing mobile home uses while encouraging their redevelopment and transition into other uses appropriate to their location. Goa115 ' All residential development within the City shall promote the health, safety, and welfare of all citizens of the community. f 0 Q¢jective 15-1 Encourage development and redevelopment of residential areas that emphasize owner occupied single family homes. Q~ijective 15-2 Adopt the "neighborhood unit concept" and utilize its principles in all forms of residential development. Q jective - In existing neighborhoods utilize the principles of the neighborhood unit concept to reduce the adverse impact of traffic and more intense land uses. Qbiecti a 15-415-4 Refine minimum property maintenance standards. CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 2-7 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Goals and Objectives [~o~c~~ a o~c~~ Goal 16 New residential development, should make a positive contribution to its neighbors and to the community. Objective 16-1 Establish proper development controls that require approval and monitoring of residential development. Q jective 16-2 Encourage engineering and planning designs for future developments to provide amenities. Objective 16-3 Require installation of masonry entry features and landscaping at the entrance of residential subdivisions. Goa117 Encourage the development of well-maintained and landscaped neighborhoods that are protected from blighting influences. Objective 17-1 Refine and increase methods of development controls and regulations, which will enhance residential neighborhoods. Objective 17-2 Provide older residential neighborhoods with opportunities for restoration, renewal, and improvement. KENNEDALE COMMUNITY FACILITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES Goa118 Provide the citizens of Kennedale with high quality facilities and staff to serve the community in the areas of: Essential Services Fire protection Police services Water & Sewer services City government Municipal court Quality ofLife Recreational activities Educational development Cultural growth Community assembly Health care Emergency medical services Code Compliance Page 2-8 CITY OF KENNEDALE Goals and Objectives COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN G~O~C~~ Objective 18-1 Continue with plans to consolidate municipal buildings in a single well-designed site to create a municipal complex. Objective 18-2 Provide adequate space requirements for community functions that include meeting rooms, assembly area, and kitchen facilities. Objective 18-3 Provide a coordinated plan addressing the future community facility needs in appropriate sequencing. Objective 18-4 Promote and encourage a spirit of co-operation between taxing entities (City of Kennedale, Tarrant County, and Kennedale Independent School District) to provide all facilities necessary with no duplication. Objective 18-5 Minimize public and private expenditure while not compromising commitment to efficient, quality service. KENNEDALE PARKS & OPEN SPACE GOALS & OBJECTIVES Goal 19 Develop a variety of parks, open spaces, and recreation facilities compatible with the environment and designed to serve both the active and passive recreational needs of the citizenry. Objective 19-1 Continue to require park, recreation and open space dedication during the development process. Ob.~ective 19-2 Follow the Park Master Plan guidelines for playground parks, neighborhood parks, community parks, regional parks and greenbelts. Objective 19-3 Ensure that all parks and facilities meet the most current standards for playground safety and accessibility. Goa120 Realize that the natural environment and ecosystems are substantial qualities that contribute to the character of the City and should be preserved and protected. Objective 20-1 Incorporate the flood plain areas located within the City into green belts and open space. CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 2-9 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Goals and Objectives ~o~~~ Goa121 Cost effectively maintain and operate the parks and open space network in a manner which provides a safe, clean and orderly atmosphere and promotes optimum utilization of the park system by the Citizens of Kennedale. Page 2-10 CITY OF KENNEDALE Goals and Objectives COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN ao~c~~ Chapter 3. Demographics Methodology The demographic character of a city plays a large role in long range planning exercises. In order to provide public facilities and services that will best serve the future needs of the citizenry, it is necessary to study the past and present composition of the community, and finally to make projections which cover the planning period, in this case, twenty years. Demographic data for the Kennedale Comprehensive Land Use Plan was gathered from the U.S. Census Bureau, the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), and a field survey conducted by MPRG, Inc. The current population for the City of Kennedale is 5,700. The city has shown a steady increase in population since its incorporation in 1947. The population of Kennedale has increased at an average rate of 3.52 percent per year, since 1950, the earliest available U.S. Census figures. The historic population trend for Kennedale is demonstrated in Table 3.1, Historic Population of Kennedale, Texas. Upon initial examination of historic population figures via the U.S. Census, the 1970 Census population number (3,076) did not seem to match the other data. Upon discussion with the City staff it was determined that the Kennedale population was incorrectly reported in 1970. In the 1970 Census the census tract lines did not follow the actual Kennedale City limits lines so there were numerous census tracts that contained some Kennedale residents (but not the entire census tract). When the entire census tracts were included in the 1970 census it inflated the population by over 800 persons. Based upon cross checking with other city data the correct 1970 population was approximately 2,100. When the discrepancy was discovered and confirmed several years later it was too late to officially amend the census data summaries. The census tracts were redrawn for the 1980 census and the problem was corrected, however, if only census data is consulted it gives the appearance that Kennedale lost population during the 1970s, when in fact Kennedale continued to grow. Table 3.1 Historic Population of Kennedale, Texas Year Population Change ' 1950 1,046 1960 1,521 475 1970 2,100* 579* 1980 2,594 494* ' 1990 4,096 1,502 1999 5,700 1,604 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, NCTCOG, *Ciry of Kennedale ' Racial Characteristics The racial characteristics of the City of Kennedale are shown in Table 3.2, Analysis of Population ' Demographics According to Race Percentage. A majority of the population of Kennedale is white, accounting for 92.8 percent of the total population. Black residents account for 2.4 percent, while American Indians, Eskimos, Aleuts, Asians, and Pacific Islanders combined account for 1.4 percent. I The remaining 3.4 percent represent a combination of other races. Persons of Hispanic origin represent 7.0 percent of the city's population. The percentage of Hispanic residents is not included CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 3-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Demographics u V ~~~~ when arriving at the racial total of the city because a member of any race may also be of Hispanic origin. Table 3.2 Analysis of Population Demographics According to Race Percentage Race Population Percentage White 3,804 92.8 Black 98 2.4 American Indian /Eskimo /Aleut 31 0.8 Asian /Pacific Islander 24 0.6 Other 139 3.4 TOTAL 4,096 100.00 Hispanic origin (of any race) 288 7.0 Source.' U.S. Census Bureau Age The distribution of population by age is provided in Table 3.3, Age Distribution of the City of Kennedale. Age distribution is important in the planning of public facilities such as parks, schools, and senior citizen centers. The residents of Kennedale are relatively young; according to the 1990 U.S. Census, 67 percent of residents are below the age of 40. The age group of 20 to 39 years is the largest, with 35 percent of the city's population. Residents under 20 years constitute 32 percent of the population, those in the 40 through 59 age group account for 22 percent of the city, and those over 60 years of age comprise 11 percent of the population. In addition to planning community facilities, age distribution is an important factor to consider when planning residential housing options. Due to the relatively young population residing in Kennedale, it is important to provide housing that is appropriate for first time homebuyers. Alternative housing for older residents may need to be considered as the population ages. Table 3.3 Age Distribution of the City of Kennedale Age Population Under 5 years 368 5-9 375 10-14 285 15-19 273 20-24 299 25-29 371 30-34 432 35-39 344 40-44 298 45-49 252 50-54 171 55-59 169 60-64 122 65-69 124 70-74 69 75-79 56 80-84 48 85 years and over 40 TOTAL 4,096 Source: U.S. Census Bureau Page 3-2 CITY OF KENNEDALE Demographics COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Socio-economics ' Socio-economic data for Kennedale is limited to Census information gathered during the 1990 Census effort. However, because of the strong economy experienced during the mid and late 1990's, it is likely that the economic conditions of Kennedale have improved over those reported herein. The median household income in 1990 for Kennedale was $29,221. The types of occupations of ' Kennedale residents have been divided into managerial and professional; technical, sales, and administrative support; service; farming, forestry, and fishing; precision production, craft, and repair; and operators, fabricators, and laborer categories. The composition of occupations in the City of ' Kennedale is provided in Table 3.4, Proportional Mix of Occupations of the City of Kennedale. ' Table 3.4 Proportional Mix of Occupations of the City of Kennedale Occupation Type Percentage Managerial, professional specialty 22.8 ' Technical, sales, administrative support 26.7 °--~'~° 11.3 J Vl VII.. Farming, forestry, fishing 1.6 ' Precision production, craft, repair 21.3 Operators, fabricators, laborers 16.3 TOTAL 100% Source: 1990 U.S. Census Future Population ' In order to project the future population of Kennedale, it is necessary to analyze past trends in the city's population. By studying the city's historic rate of growth, future population figures may be I predicted, and ultimate buildout projections may be made. The average annual growth rate for the city of Kennedale was calculated using the following formula: i Pn x =Average Annual Population Growth Po Where: P„ =New Population ~ Po =Old Population x =Number of years between PN and PO ' The population of the City of Kennedale grew at an average annual rate of 3.70 percent from 1990 until the present and at a rate of 4.12 percent from 1995 until the present. With conditions remaining ' constant, it is reasonable to conclude that the city will continue to grow at a rate between these two figures, which would indicate a total population of between 12,226 and 13,309 persons in the year 2020. ' The key phrase in the previous statement is "conditions remaining constant." The addition of one or more large-scale employers in Kennedale or the near vicinity could significantly change the population growth rate experienced by the city. Population projections obtained using 3.70 percent and 4.12 I percent average growth rates appear in Table 3.5, Historic and Future Populations for the City of Kennedale, Texas. I CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 3-3 ' COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Demographics ~] 0~~~ uV ~~~~ As discussed in the next chapter, the over half of the property within the City of Kennedale six square miles (6 sq. mi.) city limits is undeveloped land. This means that there is an abundance of land for residential development and future population growth. In addition to the property that is already in the city limits the City of Kennedale has an extra territorial jurisdiction (ETJ) of approximately three square miles (3 sq. mi.). If all of the ETJ is eventually annexed into the Kennedale City Limits, the ultimate size of the city will be nine square miles (9 sq. mi.). With the projected future population for the next twenty years being 12,000 to 13,000 the City of Kennedale will not reach a residential build- out within the planning period for this plan. The City of Kennedale has grown and matured from a suburban residential community to a residential, commercial, and industrial full-service city in the 53 years since its incorporation. As the city faces the next century it can expect a steady continued growth, which will be managed most effectively by careful planning and citizen involvement in the governmental process. Table 3.5 Historic and Future Populations for the City of Kennedale, Texas Year 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Historic Populatio 1,046 1,521 2,100 2,594 4,096 5,700 5,911 5935 6,130 6180 6,3 S 7 6435 6,592 6700 6,836 6976 7,089 7263 7,351 7562 7,623 7874 7,905 8198 8,198 8536 8,501 .8888 8,816 9254 9,142 963 S 9,480 10,032 9,831 10,445 10,195 10,875 10,572 11,323 10,963 11,790 11,369 12,276 11,790 12,782 12,226 13,309 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, NCTCOG, City of Kennedale, MPRG Projections Page 3-0 CITY OF KENNEDALE Demographics COMPREHENSIVE LAND LJSE PLAN Low High [~o~c~~ Chapter 4. Existing Land Use General Land Use Characteristics ' Before developing a plan for the future, a city must first have an understanding of its present condition. In addition to demographic data, this understanding is gained through an analysis of existing land use, ' which represents how land is currently being used. An analysis of current land use can provide documentation of development trends that have been and are being established. This analysis will also provide City officials with an opportunity to correct trends that may be detrimental to future development and to initiate policies that will encourage development in accordance with goals and ' objectives developed by the citizens. Field Survey ' Afield survey was conducted in May of 1999 to identify existing land use conditions in the City of Kennedale to be included in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Of the approximately 3,883 acres (6.07 square miles) that make up the City, approximately 1,697 acres are developed as residential, ' commercial, industrial, institutional, park area, or major roadways. The remaining 2,135 acres are currently undeveloped. The categories of land use, corresponding acreage, and total percentages are shown in Table 4.1 Summary of Kennedale Existing Land Use. The physical locations of the different land uses within the City may be found on Figure 4.1 City of Kennedale Existing Land Use Map. City of Kennedale Existing Land Uses 1999 Land Use Acres ' % of Developed ! % of Total Single Family 993 acres ' 58.5%' 25.9% Multifamily - _ _ _ - - _ 10 _ _ acres ' _ 0.6%, __ 0.3% _ ___ Manufactured Housing 36 acres I 2.1 %', 0.9% Industrial 325 acres ' 19.2%', 8.5% Commercial 111 acres ~ 6.5%: 2.9% Public/Semi-Public 72 acres ! 4.2%' 1.9% __ Major Roadways 90 acres 5.3%~~ 2.3% Parks/Open Space 60 acres ', 3.5%I 1.6% Moderate Den. Res. 51 acres 3.0%'~, 1 .3% Total Developed 1 ,697 acres 100.0%,I 44.3% Undeveloped 2,1 35 acres '~ 55.7% Total 3,832 :acres j 100.0% ' CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 4-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Existing Land Use [~ o~c~~ City of Kennedale Percentage of Developed Land 4% 19% ° /9 °i° _. ^ Single Family ~ Multifamily ^ Manufactured Housing ^ Industrial ^ Commercial 58% ® Public/Semi-Public ^ Major Roadways Parks/Open Space __ __ __ City of Kennedale Percentage of Total Land Area 55% 1°/2%,,, o% ~ °i° ~% ^ Single Family ^ Multifamily ^ Manufactured Housing ^ Industrial ^ Commercial ® Public/Semi-Public ^ Major Roadways ® Parks/Open Space ^ Moderate Den. Res. D Undeveloped Page 4-2 CITY OF KENNEDALE Existing Land Use COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~^ ~ ~ ~w w_ ~ ~ ~ Prepared by: - • • M~~~ ~~~v ~~ Exlstln Inc. Mmicipal Planning Resources Group, _ n M . La d Use a KENNEGa4LE o p City of August 20, 1999 a Kennedale, Texas rate 20 Scale ' `• ~ City of Fort worth ~hters 0' 500' 1,000' 2,000' W City ofArhngton Map Key ~r ~a City Limit ~ ~~ Freeway City of ~ v Highway "+~,5~~ Fort worth interstate 20 Street/Road a '\ I reepoint o.. Railroad ~ ~~, City of Arlington Creek '~ E JH HS Schools CI ' For st Hill $ ,, ~ ' ~- , - - - - - - Electric d/ ~ ~ -~ a2~ O ~ ~' ` ~ ~ _ _ Pipeline < , SE Loaf - ~~ ~ ~: .,: -d `~. * City Hall ~ ~ ~. Pennsylvania Ave. Ci O ~ ~ ~ ~' r ~; ~ ~ f City of Forest Hitl i ~ cn ~~ `+. Arlington City of ' _ _ /' ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~.~ Arlington ,~-., --...._-w--~ ~ 3 ~ G~ ek i , r' x _C~ty of e % ~ I ,~ ~, SuWett Rd. ~ ^,~ Arlington c i City of Fort Worth 1 ' 3rd sc ~ . ~, ~ <~ 'o i Q ~ / I Southeast S~ni[ary Landfill I ~ - ~ / ( ~ i ~ ,>sF U Kennedal Sublett Rd. i l / I 1 ~ ~ I I ~ ~ \ a ~. ~ / ,1 1 ~ roa waY +~ V` ~ I J i 1 I m ~ q ~ Aver t Rd. ~ m \ ~ ~ ~ ~ \ ~ ~ . „_ ri Everman llC~w~ edale Burleson Rd. ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~+.,~ .~ \ i ~ ' > ,,, i Swingy Hiett Rd. r .. ~ ~ I ~ty of Fort ~ ~ ~-~'., 1 I ` Worth ETJ i ~ . ~ t ,' ,. .. I \ ~ I I \ \ ~ } ~ f ~ , ~ !;~.; ~'^~ Eden Rd. East ,. `.~ I I \ ! 'a ~ ~ I I r I ~ ~~--- ~ r` ~ . I ~\ 1 1 ''~j i I r~ \ \ 0 ` '. ,~ a,~s~ ~~ of ~~ \ ~ ~ '~ ~ e ~~iO, Arlington f \ c i ~ I ~ ., ~ / i _ ~~4~ i _ \ _ ' ~ ~` \ Hudson Village Creek Rd. ~ /` ,~I. \ 111 \\ i ~ Wilson Rd. \ I Hudson Cemete Rd. _ .~_ .~ ~ __ \ I Tarrant County ~ \ I '. \ I City of Fort Worth ETJ \ `n ~ . \ \ W \~~. ! ... , __ „ \\ City of Mansfield belby R \ Tarra t County \ \ - \ i~ City of Fort Worth ETJ \ Didc Price Rd. Existing Land Use Legend ~~~~ Single Family Residential 1~ ,~~=''y~~. Public/Semi-public ~~~`~~~ ` ~ ` ~ Duplex/Triplex/Fourplex Commercial `~ ~ ~? Mobile Home Residential ~~ Industrial ~' ~~ Multifamily Residential (Apt.) Vacant/Undeveloped ~~~ Parks/Open Space Extra Territorial Jurisdiction ao~c~~ ' Residential Land Use Residential land use accounts for most of the development in the city. Approximately 1,090 acres, or ' 64.2 percent of the developed portion of Kennedale, or 28.4 percent of the total city area is currently developed as residential use. This type of land use consists of low-density residential units (single- family homes), moderate density units (duplex, triplex, or manufactured housing), and high-density ' (multi-family apartment) units. The text below provides information regarding residential development in Kennedale. Low Density Residential ~ Low-density residential use refers to single family detached dwelling units, developed at a density of five to six units per acre. There are approximately 993 acres of low-density residential land use in the ' city limits, which represents 58.5 percent of the total developed land and 25.9 percent of the total City. The Existing Land Use Map provides information regarding the pattern of exi~ti*?g residential development within the City of Kennedale. The neighborhoods located east of Mansfield Highway are newer and generally conform to the Neighborhood Concept, a planning concept that is described in the ' Urban Design chapter of this document. The neighborhoods west of Mansfield Highway are less homogeneous, and are characterized by more of a rural development pattern. There are also pockets of incompatible land uses located adjacent to some of these rural residential areas. This invasion of ' commercial or industrial land uses into residential areas may eventually divide the community and reduce neighborhood cohesiveness. ' Moderate Density Residential Moderate density residential development refers to residential development containing from six to twelve dwelling units per acre. This type of housing primarily consists of duplexes with a limited ' amount of triplex and fourplex units. Moderate density residential use accounts for approximately 51 acres of land area within the City. This is 3.0 percent of the developed land in Kennedale and 1.3 percent of the total land area. ' Manufactured Housing Manufactured housing units in Kennedale are located in clusters and parks in the following areas: ' Danny Drive, Avalon on North Street and several along Mansfield Highway. Manufactured housing use accounts for approximately 36 acres of land area within the City. This is 2.1 percent of the developed land in Kennedale and 0.9 percent of the total land area. High Density Residential High-density residential land uses consist ofmulti-family apartment developments, built at a density of ' thirteen or more units per acre. High-density residential development represents approximately 10 acres of land, which is 0.6 percent of the developed land area in Kennedale. There is an abundance of apartments immediately adjacent to Kennedale. These apartments are located within the city limits of Arlington. Although these apartments are not within the Kennedale city limits, they provide for ' alternative housing options for residents of the Kennedale area. These apartments do effect the residents of Kennedale by impacting the schools (the apartments are in the Kennedale ISD), the streets and traffic and the commercial developments. 1 CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 4-3 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Existing Land Use MO~~~ I Commercial Land Use The commercial land use category includes both service and retail uses. Approximately 111 acres of commercial land use is located in Kennedale, which accounts for approximately 6.5 percent of the developed area of the city and 2.9 percent of the total city area. Most commercial development is located along Mansfield Highway. The other major commercial parcels in Kennedale are the racetracks and the drag strip located on Kennedale New Hope Road. Industrial Land Use Industrial land use accounts for approximately 325 acres of land within the City. Industrial land use accounts for 8.5 percent of the entire city and approximately 19.2 percent of the developed area within the City. Most of the industrial land uses in Kennedale are located along Mansfield Highway. The majority of these industrial land uses are the automotive salvage/wrecking yards. Public 8~ Semi-Public Land Use Public and semi-public land uses includes municipal, county, state, and federal government uses, cemeteries, and schools. Land uses typically considered quasi-public include churches, electric, gas, telephone, and television utility uses. Approximately 72 acres are utilized by this type of use in the City of Kennedale. Public and semi-public uses account for 1.9 percent of the total area within the City, and approximately 4.2 percent of the developed area in the City. Parks and Open Space Public parks or open space occupies approximately 60 acres of land within the city limits. This calculation includes active and passive park area, open space, and floodplain area that is likely to remain undeveloped for environmental reasons. The City of Kennedale Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Master Plan provides details regarding existing parks, as well as future plans for park and recreational development. Infrastructure Approximately 90 acres, or 2.3 percent of the total land area of the city, is occupied by public right-of- way within the City of Kennedale. While right-of--way is undevelopable public property, the corridors created by the thoroughfares exert a considerable impact on the development of land in the city. Sound planning principles and urban design guidelines should be adhered to in order to limit negative land use development that may have a tendency to develop in these areas. Undeveloped Land There are approximately 2,135 acres of undeveloped land in the City of Kennedale as of May 1999. This undeveloped land accounts for 55.7 percent of the total land area within the City. Most of the undeveloped land is located in the southwestern area of the city, but there are large undeveloped tracts throughout the city. Page 4-4 CITY OF KENNEDALE Existing Land Use COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN i i I Introduction Chapter S. Thoroughfares Transportation planning is an integral part of the City of Kennedale Comprehensive Land Use Plan. The Citizen Planning Committee insisted on addressing the transportation issues first. The transportation goals and objectives were the first ones discussed, the first ones considered and the first ones approved. The Kennedale Master Thoroughfare Plan (MTP) was the map that the Citizen Planning Committee spent the most time on. Street and roadway improvements were the top items discussed for expenditure of public funds. Consideration was given to both the internal transportation needs of the residents of Kennedale and the regional transportation needs of others that travel through Kennedale. The Regional Thoroughfare Plan preYared by the >`lorth Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), the City of Fort Worth Thoroughfare Plan, the City of Arlington Thoroughfare Plan and the US 287 Business Area Plan Update (City of Arlington Sector Plan) were all consulted for input into the Kennedale MTP. By coordinating with the other municipalities and governmental agencies, the development of the overall transportation network can be improved. The movement of people and goods within the City and the surrounding area is an important function; such movement is dependent upon the arrangement and condition of local streets and highways. As the city changes, the thoroughfare system must be capable of handling traffic movement in a safe and efficient manner. The City of Kennedale Thoroughfare Plan is coordinated with the Future Land Use Plan and provides the guidelines to develop a transportation system that can accommodate the needs of existing and future land use. This adopted Thoroughfare Plan is a valuable tool for the City of Kennedale in requiring the appropriate dedication ofright-of--ways and the construction of the appropriate roadway improvements as the city continues to develop. The primary form of transportation in the City of Kennedale is the individual gasoline-powered vehicle. Whether that vehicle is a pickup truck, an automobile or a SUV (Sport/Utility Vehicle), most Kennedale residents rely on their individual vehicles as their sole means of transportation. For this reason, the transportation element of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan Update is focused on the system of public roadways, which is designed to expedite traffic movement and enhance safety. The Thoroughfare Plan also includes recommendations for developing alternate modes of transportation within the city, as well as recommendations which create a continuous process of planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation to assure that the mobility needs for citizens of Kennedale will be met as development occurs. This Thoroughfare Plan should enable the City to implement a systematic process of upgrading and developing thoroughfares in accordance with the City's Future Land Use Plan. This process should include: (1) an evaluation of proposed roadway improvement regarding compliance to the Thoroughfare Plan; (2) preparation of detailed route studies to locate the exact location of a street that is shown conceptually on the Thoroughfare Plan; and (3) preparation of engineering plans and geometries (including extra-turn lanes at major intersections) once detailed routes have been established. a o~~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 5-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Thoroughfares L~ O~C~~ Definitions A number of terms used throughout this chapter should be defined in order to provide an understanding of existing and future transportation needs. These terms include the following: Functional classification -The roadway classification system is intended to categorize streets by function for the purpose of clarifying administrative and fiscal responsibility. A complete circulation system provides separate facilities for the movement, transition, distribution, collection, access, and termination of trips. Freeways and arterials handle principal movement functions. Collector streets serve to gather traffic from local streets and feed it to the arterial system and to provide access in commercial and industrial areas. Local streets provide direct access to adjacent property. Capacity -The capacity of a roadway as defined by the Highway Capacity Manual, is the maximum hourly rate at which vehicles can reasonably be expected to traverse a point or section of a roadway during a given time period under prevailing roadway, traffic, and control conditions. Roadway conditions refer to the geometric characteristics of the street such as type of facility, number and width of lanes, horizontal and vertical alignment, and design speed. Traffic conditions r~fcr tc the type of vel:icl~ min and the distribution of vehicles in available lanes. Control conditions refer to the types and specific design of traffic control devices such as traffic signals, signs, and turn restrictions. Other factors that affect the capacity of a roadway include weather and driver characteristics. Traffic Volume -Traffic volume is a measurement of the total number of vehicles that pass a given section of a roadway during a given time period. Volume is generally expressed in terms of annual, daily, or hourly rates. Traffic volumes vary by the time of day, day of the week, season, and month. Annual average daily traffic (AADT) is the average daily traffic on a roadway, averaged over a full year, and is often used in travel forecasting and planning. Within this report the term vehicles per day (vpd) is used to reflect traffic counts made over a 24-hour period that have not been converted to annual average daily traffic and, thus, may not account for daily, weekly, or seasonal variations. Through Traffic -This term is used in two ways, depending on the particular discussion: 1) to identify trips that do not have a local destination (i.e. are not stopping within Kennedale); and 2) to identify trips that may have a local destination, but are traveling through a particular section of the city (i.e. trips using Kennedale-New Hope Road to travel from Fort Worth or Arlington to one of the race tracks would be considered through traflc). Existing Conditions Freeways Three of the major elements of the Kennedale Thoroughfare Plan are not located within the corporate limits of the City of Kennedale. These three major transportation facilities are the freeways that link Kennedale to Fort Worth, Arlington, Dallas and the entire Metroplex -Interstate 20, Interstate Loop 820 and US 287. The regional map of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex located in Chapter 3. All three of the freeways have one way frontage roads with a limited number of grade separations/access points. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) maintains these federal highways. Interstate 20 (I-20) is a ten (10) lane freeway that is the southernmost east-west transportation spine for the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. The southern right-of--way line of Interstate 20 forms a portion of the north city limits for the City of Kennedale. Interstate 20 provides a direct connection to East Texas and Shreveport, Louisiana to the east; and to West Texas and Abilene to the west. Bowman Page 5-2 Thoroughfares CITY OF KENNEDALE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Prepared by: ~~~RC~ ~~~ o ~V~ Municipal Planning Resources Graup, Inc. 0 N February 28, 2000 o w J Scale ^ ~ ^ w City of Fort Worth o' soo~ ~, 2,000' City of Maps; ~~~worth ^ City of Forest Hill S- oP V O~ 5~ Gee ~~ O City of Forest Hill ~: G~ e 0 c ,~ .~, s_ Q Lon Stephenson R (Alta Mesa BNd.I Everman Kennedale Burleson Rd. City of Fort Worth ETJ 1 _S Thoroughfare Plan Ma p City of Kennedale, Texas G~~P~~a ~~ ~ i s ' •'~rnP •• .• C2~ , • ~o ~~ ~~t City of Arlington ~ ~a q ~ .~~~ ~b v C4U Treepoint Dr. C4~; sro~sf~ (~ ~ `~7 ~ ~ City ofArlingtony 1' N ~ ~~~ ~ ~ l ; U w P nnsylvania Ave City of J~-j Arlington KENNEL~4LE \ntetstate `., Map Key City Limit ETJ Freeway Highway Railroad ~ ~, ~-.-^ ~ ~----'~ Creek E JH HS Schools ~' City Hall ~~ d ~ ! ~• Y~X, ~~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ Hs City of Fort Worth Shelby Rd. (Everman P .) M4U .- ~~~ (~~i ~ Wilson Rd. N U N s N M Shelby Rd. City of L Arlington GJ, ~~~ -q' City of ~ E • ~~eda~e blett Rd ~~~~ ^~ Arlington 3rd St. ~ ,~'~~~ e ~ ~~ ~ M4U • ~, Kennedale S blet Rd. C2~ Broadway a Averett Rd. ~S ~~a`~c~r ~ ~ c 0 ~ ~ ~~~ ~ d/ -~ Railroad ~Q, • ~? ~"'~ Grade ~~t `~-, Swiney Hiett R S aratian '~~ CT ~..~ Linda Eane M4U '~! ,~'a ~s~ „~^^^-~ ~s M4U • ^ ~ •s ~a ~ ~~ d~ ~ a` v ~ i s ~cQj ,~ C°'r0.. ~ ` Ctty of ~ Z : O' i,~d/ ~~~ ,4rlington ~ a~ n1 + ^ •' C ^ ~~ f C ~ Y ~ a ~~~~~~U M4U Hudson Village Creek Rd. C/' Hudson-Ce ete Tarrant County Rd. ~ City of Fort Worth ETJ ~" .c e!t ' ~ N C -v W 1~ Tarrant County \ ~ ,• I~grj M4U City of Fort 11~orth ETJ ~ . , _ _ ~~!~~~,~^~~ M4U McPherson Rd. ~ ~ ~ Dick Price Rd. Thorou.-ghfare Plan Legend ~,•`~ ~ F10D Freeway 10 Lane Divided ~ M4D Minor Arterial 4 Lane Divided ~ F8D Freeway 8 Lane Divided ~ M4U Minor Arterial 4 Lane Undivided ~ F4D Freeway 4 Lane Divided -~- C~# U Collector 4 Lane Undivided ~~ P5U Principal Arterial 5 Lane Undivided --- C2U Collector 2 Lane Undivided Ciiy of Mansfield ~ '~~1/I t~,~ Existing Thoroughfare ~!!!!! Proposed Thoroughfare ~;~. Grade Separation o Existing Signalization O Proposed Signalization Springs Road (overpass) and Little Road (underpass) both have grade separations and frontage road access to I-20. The Little Road grade separation works in conjunction with the US 287/Little Road grade separation. The most recent traffic volume counts available from TxDOT and NCTCOG are for 1995. The 1995 AADT for I-20 was approximately 80,000 vpd in each direction for a total volume of 160,00 vpd. Interstate Loop 820 is an eight-lane, divided freeway that forms a sixty (60) mile loop around the City of Fort Worth. Even though the segment of Loop 820 adjacent to Kennedale is very limited, it includes the major interchange of Interstate Loop 820 and Interstate 20. Loop 820 westbound provides good access to southern Tarrant County. Loop 820 northbound provides good access to eastern Tarrant County. There is only one grade separation/access point from Kennedale to Loop 820. That connection is Mansfield Highway (Business 287). This intersection has historically been the "front door to Kennedale" (even though until recently the properties to the southwest have not been in Kennedale or in Kennedale's extra-territorial jurisdiction). The 1995 AADT for Loop 820 was approximately 66,000 vpd in each direction for a total volume of 132,00 vpd. US 287 is a four-lane, divided freeway that connects downtown Fort Worth to Beaumont and east Texas. US 287 also e:te.^.ds to *.hP northwes*. *.a V!Ii~hita Falls, Amarillo and even Denver, Colorado. US 287 is also not in the corporate limits of Kennedale and is contiguous to the city limits only at Little Road. This particular section of US 287 is the expanded freeway section of the old Business 287 (Mansfield Highway) discussed below. The importance of US 287 to Kennedale is the close proximity of another freeway and the ease of access to other areas of the Metroplex and other areas of Texas. Kennedale will not get the direct commercial benefit of commercial or industrial land use that may locate on the freeway, but Kennedale will benefit from the good access it provides. The 1995 AADT for US 287 was approximately 20,000 vpd in each direction for a total volume of 40,00 vpd. Highways and Streets Mansfield Highway (Business 287) is the major internal transportation spine for Kennedale. It is the onlydirect traffic route through Kennedale. All other roadways are modified county roads that meander around various physical constraints. Mansfield Highway is also a TxDOT maintained facility. The section of Mansfield Highway from Loop 820 to Dick Price Road is a five lane concrete roadway with a continuous left tum lane. This widened pavement section includes the bridge over Village Creek. The remainder of Mansfield Highway is only two lanes in width with wide shoulders, with plans to widen this portion to four (4) lanes with a continuous left turn lane in the near future. The 1995 AADT for Mansfield Highway varied from 18,000 vpd at the north to 13,00 vpd in the section from Dick Price Road to Bowman Springs Road. Kennedale-Little School Road is becoming Kennedale's new primary entry point from the north. Green Oaks Boulevard and Little Road converge to the north of I-20 create ahigh-intensity community shopping area. From this area Green Oaks Boulevard swings to the east to serve the residential areas of Arlington south of I-20. Little Road has a grade separation at both I-20 and US 287 with an AADT of 20,000 vpd. Approximately 15,000 vpd drive on this section of Kennedale-Little School Road north of Kennedale Sublett Road. Portions of the section of Kennedale-Little School Road have already been widened. Bowman Springs Road is a major collector street extending out of southwest Arlington into Kennedale. Since Bowman Springs Road has a grade separation under Interstate 20 it currently carries 3,000 vpd and potentially could increase in importance. Bowman Springs Road has two major street geometric problems. The tight reverse curve crossing the tributary to Village Creek (and the narrow bridge) and the skewed intersection with Mansfield Highway. Plans are underway for the reconstruction of the bridge and the softening of the reverse curve in cooperation with Tarrant County. a o~c~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 5-3 J COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Thoroughfares Dick Price Road is the heaviest traveled roadway in southwest Kennedale carrying over 4,800 vpd. ~~~~~ Many of these vehicles are heavy trucks going to the City of Fort Worth Southeast Sanitary Landfill, or to the other landfills and sand and gravel pits located on Dick Price Road. After Dick Price Road intersects with Shelby Road it turns east. This eastward extension marks the southernmost extent of the Kennedale ETJ. Kennedale New Hope Road is the access to Kennedale City Hall, community center, library and the Kennedale Independent School District offices during the week. But on the weekends Kennedale New Hope Road is the primary access to the racetracks and the drag strip. Current traffic counts show 1,450 vpd, but this does not count all of the vehicles on trailers. Bicycle and Pedestrian Pedestrian and bicycle transportation are often forgotten as viable modes of travel in today's mobile society. In order to provide for easy and safe pedestrian and bicycle travel, sidewalks, pathways, and crosswalks should be required to be included in future development plans. This type of access is needed to commercial centers, along arterial streets and between residential areas, schools. By requiring appropriate infrastructure for pedestrians in new developments, and retrofitting existing developed aras, traffic and parking issues may be lessened in intensity, and quality of life may be improved. The City may also wish to provide bicycle racks or covered storage areas in public facilities. Street Functions and Classifications Streets located within municipalities generally are various sizes, and have different numbers of vehicle traffic lanes and design requirements. This Plan has categorized Kennedale's streets according to the Standard Street Classification System used by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). Each type of roadway in the classification system has right-of--way widths, lane widths, number of lanes, and medians appropriate to the traffic and speed required of the street. Table 5.1 Summary of Street Classification provides the following information in tabular format. Freeways Freeways or highways consist of controlled limited access roadways with divided lanes for directional traffic. Freeways are designed to move high volumes of traffic, typically in excess of 40,000 vehicles per day, with maximum efficiency. Freeways generally have from 4 to 8 lanes and require 250 to 500 feet ofright-of--way. They provide no direct access to adjacent property, and main lanes are grade separated at intersections with arterial roadways. Service roads may be provided along the freeway to facilitate access to and from the main lanes and to provide access to adjacent property. Interstate 30 (I- 30, West Freeway) and Interstate Loop 820 (Jim Wright Freeway) are the two freeways adjacent to the city of Kennedale. Principal Arterials Principal arterials are designed to serve major traffic movements through the city by carrying large volumes of traffic across or through the city as efficiently as possible. These roadways should be continuous in length, connect with freeways, and serve major traffic generators. Typically, principal arterials should be spaced between two and three miles apart. They are designed to carry between 10,000 and 40,000 vehicles per day requiring from four to six lanes. Access management is essential to ensure maximum operating efficiency of the roadway. However, because commercial development generally occurs along arterial streets, control of access is often difficult to achieve. Intersection spacing should be at intervals of not less than one-fourth mile. Intermediate unsignalized access points and median breaks to accommodate public streets or private driveways should be avoided. To Page 5-4 CITY OF KENNEDALE Thoroughfares COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN facilitate the flow of traffic, designated turn lanes and acceleration/deceleration lanes may be required in areas of commercial development. ' Minor Arterials Minor arterials are designed as four-lane roadways. They may be either divided or undivided, and are ' designed to connect the primary arterials and provide system continuity. Generally, minor arterials are spaced at approximately one-mile intervals, and define the limits of a neighborhood. They are designed to carry traffic volumes of 10,000 to 15,000 vehicles per day, and like principal arterials, direct access should be limited. Intersections should be spaced at intervals of no less than one-fourth ' of a mile. Intermediate access points to accommodate public streets or private driveways should be avoided. Collector Streets Collector streets are intended to serve internal traffic movements within an area and carry traffic from local streets to the arterial network, and may be designated as principal and minor collectors. Generally, collector streets are designed with two lanes, are between 1 and 1/2 mile in length, and carry traft7c volumes between 1;000 and 10,000 vehicles per day. Minor collector streets should be located to provide access to the local street system in a neighborhood and be curvilinear in design, in order to discourage through traffic in neighborhoods. Typically, they include two traffic lanes and two parking lanes and should be less than one mile in length. Local Streets Local streets provide access to residential properly and feed the collector street system. Local streets typically carry volumes of less than 1,000 vehicles per day. Streets are no more than two lanes and should be designed to discourage any type of through traffic movements, either through a curvilinear arrangement, through the incorporation of loops and cul-de-sacs, or both. Table 5.1 Summary of Street Classification Land Use Plan Classification Thoroughfare Plan Classification Local Residential Street 1t2U Residential Two Lane Undivided* Collector Street C2U Collector Two Lane Undivided C4U Collector Four Lane Undivided Minor Arterial Street M4U Minor Arterial Four Lane Undivided M4D Minor Arterial Four Lane Divided Principal Arterial Street P5U Principal Arterial Six Lane Undivided (with continuous left turn lane) Freeway F4D Freeway Four Lane Divided F8D Freeway Eight Lane Divided F10D Freeway Ten Lane Divided * R2U streets are not shown on the Thoroughfare Plan. ~ o~c~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 5-5 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Thoroughfares MO~~~ I Thoroughfare Plan The City of Kennedale has classified its streets in categories of residential streets, collector streets, minor arterials, and principal arterials. The proposed thoroughfare plan network is shown on Figure 5.1 Thoroughfare Plan Map. Interstate 20, Interstate Loop 820 and US 287 will continue to be the City's only freeways. No freeway improvements or modifications are proposed in this Master Thoroughfare Plan. The focus of the Master Thoroughfare Plan is to improve the roadways connecting and intersecting with the freeways. The freeways should not remain external transportation factors; the goal is to make them a functional part of the Kennedale transportation network. Access to the freeway frontage roads from adjacent properties will continue to be coordinated with TxDOT. Mansfield Highway (Business 287) will continue to be the City's only principal arterial. The proximity of the freeways and the physical constraints of the City of Kennedale preempt the need for additional principal arterial streets. The majority of the roadway improvements shown on the Master Thoroughfare Plan are related to the street designated as minor arterials. Almost all of these roadways are currently two lane county-type roads without curbs and gutters and without adequate pavement width to accommodate the existing traffic volumes. These streets need to be widened to four lanes to handle the increased volumes that will occur as development of the area continues. Offset intersections need to be aligned and direct roadway connections need to be made to Mansfield Highway. Protecting the Capacity of Streets Funding for construction and improvements to thoroughfares represents a major public investment. In the past thirty years, federal and state funds have been widely available to assist cities in building and maintaining an efficient and safe system of highways and arterial roadways. Today, however, funding from federal and state sources is becoming increasingly harder to obtain as more and more projects compete for limited dollars. As a result, it is important for the City to implement policies to protect the capacity of their major streets. In addition, the City should consider all funding options, including bonds, general funds, grant programs, and private developer participation. Roadway capacity is a function of the number and width of lanes, design speed, horizontal and vertical alignment, type and number of traffic control devices, and access and turning movements. Capacity can best be preserved by limiting points of access through subdivision and development ordinances, prohibiting left turn traffic movements by restricting the number of median breaks, and requiring acceleration/deceleration lanes at high volume commercial driveways. Ideally, no direct access should be allowed onto arterial and major collector streets except at intersections. Developments should have access provided via local streets that intersect the arterial and collector roadways. A minimum frontage requirement should be set in order to limit curb cuts in corridor commercial and industrial developments and individual developments should each have only one curb cut. The review process for site plans is an appropriate time to include consideration of cross access and limiting the number of driveways for site-specific developments. Policies to limit access have often proven difficult for cities to implement because properties adjacent to the road may not meet the minimum frontage requirements and courts have held that owners cannot be denied access from the roadway. Therefore, any consideration of cross access and limitation of driveways must address available right-of--way. It is especially difficult to implement access management when improvements are planned along roadways where developments have existing driveways. Under these circumstances, the City must often wait for redevelopment to occur before the Page 5-6 CITY OF KENNEDALE Thoroughfares COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN ' desirable changes can be made. The City of Kennedale should continue to explore access management strategies that have been successful in other areas. ' Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation I Bikeways and sidewalks will become more important in the future, not only as the mark of quality urban development, but as an alternate mode of transportation. The City of Kennedale should consider developing a bikeway plan that would coordinate the development of a greenbelt hike and bike trail ' system with a comprehensive system of bikeways throughout the City. Key elements of the bikeway plan should include methods to provide bikeways within the rights-of--way of major streets as well as separate bikeway facilities, and to encourage developers to provide bike facilities in new developments. ' To accommodate pedestrians, the City should require sidewalks in new developments and redevelopment areas. Specifically, the City should consider the following: ' • Continue to require sidewalks along both sides of arterial and collector streets; • Continue to require sidewalks in residential areas on all streets; ' • Encourage the connection of sidewalks in residential areas and to commercial and recreational areas by working with developers as projects are planned; ' • Provide pedestrian pathways in public recreation areas; • Implement a low cost, shared resident/public program to replace older, substandard sidewalks. This could be done in conjunction with the street improvement program; and ' • Consider including projects that retrofit older developed areas that do not have sidewalks into the Capital Improvements Program (CIP) for arterial and collector streets. ' Street Im rovement Pro ram p 9 ' The City of Kennedale currently identifies necessary roadway improvements for inclusion in an ongoing Capital Improvement Program. Refinement of the current process by using a systematic street evaluation process will assist the City in maximizing the street improvement needs with the available ' sources of funding. A Street Improvement Program to provide a systematic process for street reconstruction and maintenance should be incorporated into the current street construction and maintenance efforts. This program should include the following: Arterial Street Needs: Implement aCity-funded program to meet arterial street improvement needs through the year 2010. This program would support TxDOT efforts within the City as well as provide funds for arterial improvements for which the City has sole responsibility. ~ 2. Street Reconstruction and Maintenance: Implement a ten or fifteen year street reconstruction and maintenance program that will bring Kennedale's street system to a ' satisfactory level of serviceability throughout the life of the program. Implement a uniform program of maintenance and reconstruction after the fifteen years to maintain the City's street system in serviceable condition for the foreseeable future. ' CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 5-7 ' COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Thoroughfares ~] 0~~~ M 3. Design Standards and Access Management: Strengthen ordinances to require adequate ~J~~~~ street widths and to assist in managing access on arterial and major collector streets during development and redevelopment. Transportation Planning and Monitoring The relationship between land use and transportation is well documented. Development creates the desire for access to the developed area for specific activities, such as shopping, recreation, or employment. That access is provided through the transportation system. In addition, the thoroughfare system provides the basic framework for future growth in undeveloped areas of the city. An improvement or extension to the transportation system will o8en induce development in the improved area. The transportation planning process must continue to monitor existing and proposed future land use as well as population, employment, and socio-economic characteristics to identify can ent and anticipated transportation needs. Page 5-8 CITY OF KENNEDALE Thoroughfares COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN a o~c~~ Chapter 6. Planning Principles Urban Design Elements ' The term "urban design" refers to the planning of development in a comprehensive manner in order to achieve a unified, functional, efficient, and aesthetically pleasing physical setting. Urban design consists of a number of elements that are accepted by planning professionals as desirable and ' necessary for the orderly growth and development of an area; they enable planners to effectively create the desired form of the city. The urban design elements that have been applied in the City of Kennedale Comprehensive Land Use Plan are the neighborhood concept, commercial corridor and ' commercial node development forms, edges and transitions, screening walls and buffers, and focal points and entry statements. The urban design elements are applicable to future development, and should also be applied to existing ' development whenever possible. These elements should be considered when opportunities for redevelopment and revitalization arise in established areas of the city. By exercising flexibility in applying these elements to older areas of Kennedale, existing development may be retrofitted to also ' utilize these planning principles and modify the existing development patterns, and the city as a whole will benefit from increased efficiency and aesthetics. ' Neighborhood Concept The neighborhood concept, as shown in Figure 6.1, The Neighborhood Concept, is one of the oldest ' and most widely used and accepted practices in urban land use planning. This concept helps to create quality spaces in which people may live. The concept places primary emphasis on creating neighborhoods that are buffered from the impacts of elements from outside the neighborhood system. ' By utilizing a transition of land use intensity, the most sensitive element of a neighborhood, residential use is protected from the effects of intense commercial use. The foundation of a neighborhood is its streets. Streets serve two primary purposes in neighborhood ' systems: to facilitate the movement of people and goods, and to serve as physical boundaries between adjacent land uses or neighborhoods. Streets should be designed and located so as to accomplish their purpose of efficient traffic service, while discouraging through traffic in neighborhoods. In order to maximize visibility and safety, intersections of more than two streets should be avoided, and ' intersections are required to meet at ninety-degree angles. The types of streets, their functions, and characteristics are described in detail in the Thoroughfares chapter of this document. ' Arterial streets define the limits of a neighborhood by bordering the area on all sides. These roads, which are designed for heavy traffic, are appropriate locations for commercial uses. The number of entrances from arterials into the neighborhood should be limited. This enhances the efficiency of the arterial system, while preventing a high volume of traffic from entering the neighborhood. ' Collector streets provide for circulation within the neighborhood; they connect local streets to the arterials. Collector streets are appropriate locations for moderate and limited high-density housing. ' Curvilinear street layout, rather than traditional grid patterns, should be designed, in order to limit traffic and slow traffic speed. ' CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 6-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Planning Principles Local streets provide direct access to residences, and carry a low volume of daily traffic. Like ~~~~~ collectors, these roads should be curvilinear in design. In addition, the use of loops and cul-de-sacs will further reduce traffic speed and volume. The neighborhood concept considers the most appropriate location of different land uses within the neighborhood and on its boundaries. Low density housing should typically be located on the interior of the neighborhood, in order to protect the sensitive residential area from intense land use effects on the periphery of the neighborhood. Typically, larger neighborhoods should also provide for the location of schools and community facilities such as parks and fire stations within this central area. Moderate or high-density housing should be located toward the periphery of the neighborhood and on collector streets. These residential land uses may be used as a buffer area between commercial and lower density residential land uses. Commercial land uses should be located on the outer limits of the neighborhood at intersections of arterial streets. These should be oriented toward the arterials, so as not to encourage commercial traffic in the residential neighborhood, and should incorporate buffer yards and/or screening fences when located adjacent to residential uses. Commercial land use within a neighborhood should be limited to retail sale of goods and personal services primarily for persons residing in the adjacent residential areas. In addition to the configuration of streets and the location of land uses within the neighborhood, criteria for (ot design should be considered. Lots adjacent to arterial streets and corners should be deep and wide, with adequate rear and side yard setbacks to facilitate sight distances at street intersections. Low-density residential lots should not have direct access to adjacent arterials. This access would create safety hazards to the residents and impede traffic flow on the arterials. The above characteristics and criteria function collectively to protect the integrity of the neighborhood from external pressures and to enhance its identity. Page 6-2 CITY OF KENNEDALE Planning Principles COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN ~ . ~ U w ~ y ~ G : ~ ~ ~ -d ~ ~ c~ •~ ~ y ~ «' ~ cd a •~ CS' ~ Q ~ O ~ 3 a '~.+ .3 U w ` w ~ 0 ~ ~ > ~ 'Y ~ ~ ~ ~ op.D ~c o ~ ~ ~ a i a~ ~~ ~ :? ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .~~ ~O ~ y c i ~ o >, A _ U ~ O •~ ~ oo ~ ~ U ~, O . ,.., ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Y ~ CL -o o ~s Q~ ~ v ~ ° .~ ~ c.. 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ •~ > 0 ~ 'C ~ •~ '~ ~ ,~ •> ~ ~ b • ~ -v ~ o v ~'~ a~i ~, c ~ ~ ~ ~ b ~ U ~ CO ~, ~ O pQ~ .D ~ ~ ~ ~ .9C ~ 9~ .~~+ + ~. cC ~ 0 c.~. y 8 ,~ O U O a~ OA.,., ~ ~ cn ~., U .~ O ^C .U ~ O ~ ~ ~ ~ O ~ Y U ~ C Li O '-~ ^d "CS f1. Y ~ v~ V] "'.~ VJ .O O ~3 U : U > (d L ~ U C3, U i. ~ r.. ~ • CJ ~ ' y ' ~~ ~ b~ ~ U • h • ~ .y ~ ~~~ >o =s a8z = a b ~ 8 a~ 3 ~ ~ ~ '~ ~ Y ~ ~ v c ~ '~ ~ '~ ~ ° '~, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o o rn ~" ~ C tU, -d a: F, ~ c~ L" i. ~ " ~ OU ~ 'S7 ,r ~ O . "" ~ ~L+ U ~ W ~ ' O .~_ ,_, U ~ W " ~ f " v U ~ U ~ ^O . {~", ' , y S " .w ~ v v~ ~ c.r '' n V7 Q ~ C. ,~,„ . ' c« . 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The following urban design elements, the commercial corridor and the commercial node, are designed to provide appropriate locations for commercial use, while protecting the capacity of streets, buffering adjacent land uses, and maximizing the efficiency of ' the commercial development. These commercial design elements are illustrated in Figure 6.2, Commercial Development Forms. The commercial node and corridor models are intended to prevent the development of "strip ' commercial" areas. The familiar characteristics of strip commercial include the following: • Shallow lots, usually between 100 and 200 feet deep; ' • Numerous small parcels with individual owners; • Numerous curb cuts for entrances; • Numerous small buildings with no architectural unity; • Minimal (or no) landscaping in and around the parking lots; ' • Limited parking usually restricted to the front setback area or along the street; and • The lack of landscaping or other buffers, especially in the rear, with the adjacent residential areas exposed to a blighting influence. ' Strip commercial development currently exists along portions of Mansfield Highway, and will likely be difficult to correct in the near future. However, future commercial developments should be required to incorporate the elements of the following commercial models into their design plans, and as ' opportunities for redevelopment of older areas arise, these principles should be observed in order to reverse some of the undesirable effects of strip commercial development. Commercial Corridors The commercial corridor development model emphasizes the location of commercial uses along an arterial. This development form is characterized by high intensity commercial use located near the intersections of major arterials, with less intense commercial uses located along the arterial between intersections. Commercial corridors should be limited in depth to 300 feet, in order to prevent conflicts in land use and minimize the potential ofland-locking some properties. In order to create cohesiveness among a variety of commercial uses, development guidelines should require uniform signage, shared driveways, and landscaping along the thoroughfare in commercial corridor developments. Commercial Nodes The commercial node development form consists of commercial land use that generally develops around intersections of major thoroughfares and around intersections of collector streets with arterial streets. A distinguishing characteristic of nodal development is that the commercial activity is directed toward the intersection, and does not extend along the intersecting streets. The size of a commercial node is generally not limited, but is determined by the type of commercial use at a particular location. A node may be small, containing neighborhood service type uses, or large shopping centers or a large number of commercial structures. High intensity commercial uses are typically located at the intersection of arterial streets, while less intense commercial uses such as professional offices may be used as a buffer between the high intensity uses and neighboring residential land use. Additional screening or landscaping should be used to further reduce the effects of the commercial uses on adjacent residential uses, and to define the boundary of the adjoining land uses. ao~c~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 6-3 I COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Planning Principles L~J ~~~~ Commercial Corridor • Incompatible land uses require buffering using increased setbacks, landscaping & wall or a combination thereof. • Depth of Corridor Commercial should be not more than 300 feet and not less than 150 feet. • Design along corridors include uniform signage, shared drives, landscape buffers between roadways and parking lots, and landscaping in the street yards. • Corridor development should orient traffic toward Arterial Streets and discourage traffic from entering residential neighborhoods. ................................................................................................ Commercial Node Access to commercial property does not encroach into residential neighborhoods. All access is directly from thoroughfare streets. Buffering between single family and commercial uses may consist of landscaping, and/or solid walls. In addition, ______ ____ :, dum sters and ~~~ ,' ~,, mechanical equipment _ . a , .. .~o~: . a .~ o ~••.••.~ .• areas should be screened. 'ti `~~ ~ ~~' ~ ~ ~ `~'• • Interior of parking lots .......:.........::: ... ,~ ... .... s. :~»: •::::..: ..:. :~ :.: ~. •'•' __; ~' ~ :'.:.......;.:: .;. ~ : •:: -------~~ should be landscaped. ..........:.. r--------- ~ ~--------- :•::::. .. i i ~ D.Aa 0 ASV "~ ; ; i i ~ ~ i i Size of Commercial Node is not restricted by width or depth, whatever is sufficient to perform the necessary commercial activity, unlike Corridor Commercial which is encouraged to not exceed 300 feet in depth. • Commercial node may include all corners of the intersection or any combination thereof. Primary characteristic is that the commercial activity is directed toward the intersection and doses not extend laterally down the intersecting streets. Page 6-4 CITY OF KENNEDALE Planning Principles COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Edges and Transitions Well-defined edges and gradual transitions of land use are important to the function of the ' Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Edges are boundaries of land uses which clearly indicate the beginning and termination of a land use type, while transitions are land uses which serve as a buffer zone between uses of differing intensity. Edges are generally recognized as physical elements, such as a river, creek/floodplain, interstate, or railroad. These physical elements may serve as a barrier to contain intense land uses, such as industrial or heavy commercial use. The significant physical elements that serve as external perimeter edges for Kennedale are I-20, Loop 820, the Village Creek floodplain and US 287. The internal edges within Kennedale are the drainage ways and creeks, the TxU power lines, and the railroad tracks that create physical barriers to development and vehicular access between neighborhoods. Mansfield Highway also creates an interior edge. Even though Mansfield Highway is a major traffic corridor and a transportation spine it is also a physical barrier to some types of development. Land use edges are especially important in areas of industrial or heavy commercial use because the tendency with these types of use is to gradually expand the intense use into adjacent residential neighbo~l;oods. w;nrnercial or industrial encroachment into a residential neighborhood may have detrimental effects. Residential property values will eventually diminish in the area, and the established neighborhood may tend to become unstable and transitional in nature. Transitional land uses are also an important element of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. While it is recognized that not all land uses are compatible with one other, some land uses are quite compatible with others. For example, an industrial land use is generally not considered to be compatible with low- density residential use. It is therefore desirable to avoid development of these two uses adjacent to one other. By limiting the number of areas where these land uses are located next to one another, we recognize the interrelationship between land uses and avoid encroachment ofnon-residential uses into residential neighborhoods. On the other hand, industrial land use is often considered to be compatible with commercial land use, so it would be more appropriate to develop the two uses adjacent to one other. In the same manner, a professional office building that exhibits characteristics of residential development would be compatible with residential development in some instances. In situations where incompatible land uses are developed adjacent to one another, it is important to keep impact relationships in mind and provide either transitions or buffers to protect the less intense use. The recognition of land use compatibility establishes a transition from high intensity uses to less intense uses. Usually this is considered to be from a heavy industrial use on one extreme to low density residential use on the other extreme. An example of a transitional use in Kennedale is illustrated on the Future Land Use Map, in the area southwest of Mansfield Cardinal Road between Kennedale Sublett Road and Eden Road South. The existing commercial use that is located to the southwest fronting on Mansfield Highway is separated from low-density residential uses planned to the east by increased intensity residential land uses. Screening Walls and Buffers Unfortunately, it is inevitable that conflicting land uses will occasionally be located next to one another. When this occurs, the appropriate action is to provide a means to soften the impact of the more intense use. This may be accomplished in two ways: by constructing screening walls, or by providing a buffer area between the two incompatible uses. The preferred option would be to have a significant open space area located between the uses. When that is not possible, the next preferred option would be to have the combined use of a screening wall and landscaping. ~ O~C~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 6-5 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Planning Principles ~] o~c~~ Screening Walls: Walls that are used for the purpose of screening incompatible uses should be solid. Wooden fences should not be allowed for this purpose because the properties of a wooden fence cannot offer an adequate barrier to offensive impacts from adjacent uses, and they have a tendency to deteriorate over a short period of time. They may eventually lose panels and cease to function as a visual barrier. The visual unsightliness of deteriorated wooden fences may constitute a more offensive situation than the unscreened incompatible uses. For these reasons, it is recommended that screening walls consist of solid masonry material. When combined with landscaping, this type of buffer provides an adequate barrier from visual and sound pollution of adjacent incompatible uses. Screening walls placed adjacent to public roadways should always be combined with a variety of landscaping material. This will help to avoid a "tunnel effect" which may occur along a road which is lined on both sides with fencing or screening walls. Landscaping combined with fencing or screening walls not only improves the appearance along the roadway, but increases protection from the noise of a high traffic thoroughfare. In addition to landscaping, construction techniques should be used that provide for a visual variation in wall pattern and elevation. In addition, instead of a straight alignment along the property line, aten-foot screening easement may be permitted adjacent to the property line to permit a curving in-and-out alignment within the easement. Landscape Buffers: Incompatible land uses may also be effectively screened with the use of landscaping material. There may be occasions where a screening wall, while limiting access, does not provide adequate characteristics to buffer against sound or visual effects from adjacent property. This may occur, for example, when an intense commercial or industrial use is located on an elevation significantly above a less intense residential use. When the elevation at the foot of the screening wall is at least four feet lower than the base of the commercial or industrial structure being screened, a wall may not sufficiently screen the commercial or industrial use. Since it is unreasonable to expect a wall to be constructed that would be tall enough to accomplish the screening, the use of landscaping is necessary. For all sites which exhibit this condition, it is recommended that trees, at least three inches in diameter at planting, be placed along the screening wall at acceptable intervals. If sufficient land area exists between the incompatible land uses, the commercial or industrial use may wish to incorporate the use of berms in the screening and buffering plan. Focal Points and Entry Statements Focal points and entry statements are design elements that are used to draw attention to significant areas of the city. These elements, which are intended to make a statement about the community, may incorporate a combination of landscaping, decorative pavers, banners or signage, street furniture, and statuary in order to create interest in a particular location, and establish a community theme throughout the city. Focal points are used in locations where unique characteristics are evident, such as the future municipal complex area, or at the proposed Kennedale Motor Entertainment District area. These sites are different from other areas of the city because of the amount of traffic and visibility associated with their locations. These areas become focal points in order to capitalize on the unique nature of these locations and may be used to establish a theme, when similar elements are placed throughout the community. Focal points could also be established at other city owned facilities by using uniform signage incorporating the city's logo at each location. Focal points may be simple or elaborate; the primary importance is placed on setting special areas apart and establishing a theme for the City. Entry statements, like focal points, are intended to communicate to a resident or visitor that they have entered a new place. Entry statements, as the name implies, are special treatments applied where significant amounts of traffic enter the city. Monument signage, a flag with the City's logo, or landscaping treatment may be used to maximize these locations and focus a driver's attention. Major points of entry for the City of Kennedale are the roadways from the grade separations along the Page 6-6 CITY OF KENNEDALE Planning Principles COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN freeways: Mansfield Highway, Bowman Springs Road, Kennedale-Little School Road, Kennedale Sublett Road and Eden Road East. Also the southern entry to Kennedale from Mansfield on Mansfield Highway should be a major entry treatment location. Minor entry statements should also be considered at some of the county roads in the southeast part of the city such as on Dick Price Road, Kennedale New Hope Road and Eden Road South. Examples of entry statements are provided on Figure 6.3, Entry Statement Examples. :~ 4 ~ ~ i A~' - *~ .. -~h F vJ~~+ ~~~ i Flags & Decorative Signage Walls & Landscaping Entry Statement Examples Both entry statements and focal points should be unique to Kennedale, and should cause those entering the community to recognize that they have entered Kennedale, Texas. Points of entry and focal point statements should be seen as an opportunity to "put the City's best foot forward." _. _. ;i -.. Y ...~ r - - - °i i ~. 9. ."tom r `I r. ~ ~ s ,,,,E CITY O F ,,~ ~, `fi' ,-r,, ~, .~~ ,:f ~ ^ ~ _ _ kr ., rr ,r : ~ ,~. ~ s Limestone Entry Monument GJ O~C~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 6-7 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Planning Principles Prepared by: M J~ ll'3 ~ i1~ ~ , t ~,~; ~,,~ Municipal Planning Resources f roup, Inc. 0 N a 0 0 November 20, 1999 W Scale - 0' 300' 1,0 0' 2,000' City of Fort Worth y. 1 ~Zo City of Forest Nill --s, i ~{ I I I o V~ I c ~ ~ i a i i `~ i ~ ~ r_ ___ \~ ~ i i~ ~ ~ 6urie~d:ihd. `~ III I I` ~ {I ~ II `~ o City) of Fort ~ o Wo>Fth ETJ II ~ II I I II - • Plannin ~~nal sis Ma KENNE~4LE y p City of Kennedale, Texas Zo City of Fort ~rteCState YVorth City of Arlington Map Key ~ tea. City Limit Freeway Highway terstate 20 Street/Road ~- Tree o t D r. t " " " " " " " " " ' Railroad -•. ' J ' L...^...,-~---~ Creek ~ ~ ~ City ofArlingion /, ~ 3 ( ~ E JH HS Schools m° ~ . Q . ~,r ~ - - - - - - ~ Electric ~., ~ r ' \ _; 1 _ _ Pipeline ~ ( * City Hall Ave. , City of JH f Arlington City of Arlington °; GJ, +' c' -° ~ ~ o HS ~ ~ '~, c o ~ ~ Y City o ~ rlington ~~ r ~ , Ke nedale Sublet Rd. ' ~,'` `~ o - ------- ----------I --- ~.. i '~~ { ~ Swiney Hiett Rd. I ~ ~ { ~ Linda Ln. i d ` ` ~ ` ~ ~ Eden Rd `,. ~ ,I ~ I ~ gas ~, t ~ r ~,, ~ ~y ~1d ~- ~ ~s I { ~ ~ \ ~,~/'r.- ~t ,)%JJJ ~ja City of ~ I ~ ~~~ ~+ Arlington //J \~~ I i // ~\ ~ o'/ / ' ~~ I I ~ I 1 ` I ~~ ~ ~ Hud illage Creek Rd. ` f ~ a~ ~~ H w U c ~ ~ Wilson Rd. a ~ C metery ~ ~ y ~ Tarrant County `} ~ ~ City of Fort Worth ETJ ~ ` D ~~ L_ ~-~- o i `_ ~~ \\ ~~ ~ ` ` ~ 1 ~~~ ~ ~ -, \ ~ ~ ~ ~ W a / ~ ` i ~ Shelby Rd. ~~\ LULUs (Locally Unwanted Land Uses ~ Sanitary Landfill Tarrant County City of Fort Worth ETJ ~ D k Prl Access from Kennedale (freeways} Planning Anal siy s Legend SOB (Sexually Oriented Business) Access tQ Kennedale ~~ Railroad Track (barrier) Race Track (with noise) A (freeway grade separation) ;-~ EntryArea/Image Creation Area ~i ~ Street/Railroad Crossing ®Sand & Gravel Excavation ^ ~ ~ Major access route Double Track (major barrier) (from freeway grade separations) ~ ®Salvage Yard Blocked Access Route ~~ At-Grade Crossing Conflict rimary Thoroughfare/Spine Road ~ Extra Territorial Jurisdiction ~ Water Reservoir Cemetery ~ o~c~~ Chapter 7. Future Land Use Plan A number of factors must be considered when planning for the future development of a city. The primary factor is the set of goals and objectives developed by the citizens and city leaders. These goals and objectives are the foundation on which the future development of the city is based. They work together to compose an image of the type of city that residents want Kennedale to be at the point of ultimate development. Figure 7.1, Future Land Use Plan map indicates how all of the land in the City is planned to be utilized, based on these goals and objectives. The City of Kennedale's goals and objectives are described in the Goals and Objectives chapter of this document Physical elements (including major roadways, railroads, the floodplain and flood-prone areas) also have an impact upon a city's development. These physical features serve as barriers to development, and can be either naturally formed or man-made. A number of physical features affect present and future development in Kennedale, but with careful planning, these potential obstacles may be fumed into opportunities. There are also several basic planning principles that must be considered when preparing a Future Land Use Plan. Nodal and corridor commercial development forms and the neighborhood concept are the basis for land use configurations in the Kennedale Comprehensive Land Use Plan. These concepts are described in detail in the Planning Principles chapter of this document. Physical Features Kennedale is bounded to the north by freeways and to the west by the Village Creek floodplain. The major physical barriers within the City of Kennedale, which serve to cut off the east side of town from the west side of town, are the railroad and Mansfield Highway. The Village Creek floodplain also cuts off the north portion of Kennedale near the I-20 and Loop 820 interchange. The smaller floodplain areas along the various smaller creeks also have an impact on the development patterns of Kennedale. Freeways ' The perimeter man-made features that serve as physical barriers in the City of Kennedale are the freeways. The noise from the freeways and traffic volumes around the I-20/Loop 820 interchange make the areas in close proximity to them undesirable areas for residential development. The good ' transportation access provided by the freeways and state highways make these same areas very desirable for commercial, heavy commercial, or industrial use. By locating intense uses in close proximity to their transportation venues, heavy truck traffic may be reduced in lighter commercial areas. In each of these situations, landscaping and screening should be incorporated to lessen the harsh ' visual impact of the industrial uses on adjacent properties, and especially to present an attractive view for travelers on I-20 or Loop 820 driving past Kennedale. Railroad The railroad track creates a major obstacle to development, since there are no roadway grade separations within the corporate limits of the City of Kennedale. The five at-grade railroad crossings are located at: Dick Price Road, Broadway, Kennedale New Hope Road, Eden Road South and Hudson Cemetery Road. With major trains passing through the city several times a day the traffic flow is disrupted, emergency services are compromised and local residents are inconvenienced. Since these CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 7-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Future Land Use Plan are at-grade crossing they also pose a safety hazard for passenger automobiles, commercial delivery ~Q~~~ trucks, bicycles and pedestrians. Although all of the at-grade crossings are signalized with flashing lights and traffic control arms, the possibility of accidents is always present. Even though the number of railroad crossing accidents is low, the fatality rate for accident victims involved in a railroad related accident is very high. Double Tracks The second way that the railroad creates a barrier for development is the extended length of double track within the City of Kennedale. Double track is where two railroad tracks are constructed side-by- side within the same railroad right-of--way on a main line. The second set of railroad tracks is used as an active siding to allow one train to pass another train in route to different destinations. This is not an inactive siding where individual railroad cars are stored or left for days or weeks, but it is a location where an entire train can stop for minutes or hours waiting for another train to pass. This railroad double track occurs between Kennedale New Hope road and Eden Road South. Because of the double track this entire length of track is not available for any additional at-grade crossings. This isolates a large area on the west side of the tracks that could be available for development (and with the proximity of the railroad it could be significant industrial developments). Mansfield Highway The edge and barrier factor of Mansfield Highway is a matter of perspective. The very nature of a high traffic corridor attracts certain types of land uses and repels other lower intensity land uses. The high intensity (industrial and heavy commercial) uses attracted to Mansfield Highway increase the width of this commercial corridor. This creates a challenge to the City of Kennedale to encourage the successful residential development presently occurring in the eastern portion of Kennedale to spread and flourish in western Kennedale. Village Creek Floodplain The City of Kennedale has several creeks that are natural barriers to development. Areas along the creeks are designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as flood prone land. Where flood prone land is located in close proximity to freeways and major arterials, the suitability for residential development decreases. However, opportunities for residential development may be enhanced by permanent open space adjacent to flood prone areas. Flood prone areas can then be incorporated into linear parks, public open space, and other recreation schemes compatible with residential development. Neighborhoods and Corridors Using the various physical constraints, major thoroughfares and land use groupings, the City of Kennedale was mapped into four mixed-use neighborhoods, a major commercial corridor, an industrial district and a special use district. The four mixed-use neighborhoods are predominately single family residential with limited medium density residential and neighborhood schools, parks, churches and commercial. The neighborhoods are: the Northern Kennedale/Oakcrest Neighborhood (north of Village Creek), the Eastern Kennedale Neighborhood (between Mansfield Highway and US 287), the Original Town Neighborhood (between Mansfield Highway and Dick Price Road, north of Averett Road), and the South Kennedale Neighborhood (south of the railroad/Averett Road and west of Mansfield Highway and including the extra-territorial jurisdiction area in the county). Mansfield Highway as the main commercial corridor is included in these mixed-use neighborhoods because it defines the edges and boundaries of the neighborhoods and also provides the neighborhood services to support the adjacent residential areas. The proposed Industrial District is located west of the railroad between Kennedale New Hope Road and Hudson Village Creek Road. The special use district is the proposed Kennedale Motor Entertainment District. Page 7-2 CITY OF KENNEDALE Future Land Use Plan COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Prepared by: M~~~ ~~~ a ~l~M~ Future Municipal Planning Resources Group, Inc. a L n M a d Us e a KENNELt4LE N p ~ Q February 28, 2000 o ~, C1~ Of o •1-~ y Ci o Fort Worth Kennedale, Texas ~1~~ cst~~e 20 Scale ~ ~ f tote o' soo' I,ooo~ z,ooo' `~ City of Arlington Map Key i i ~ ~a• City Limit AS~ ctty °f F10D ~ V w~' q ETJ Fort Worth ~ .~ Man terst v ~ Highway Sf end y~ ,r. ,,: Street/Road _„~_ 7:~~....y ~ • ' 4U Treepoint Dr. Cg ~ ....... U Railroad b ~~ ~ Cirt o Arlin ton ~' ('itt ~ oFf'orest ~ ~ ~ f g ~' '~...`- ~ Creek liilr o~ a, ~ C'g~ E JH HS Schools F8D ~~ ~ ~ - - - - - - Electric $2 ~ ~,~i+., ~ Pipeline SE Loop G~~y~O /~ ~••C2~ ~ ~~~`~^^^...ra•'•'•~ C2U '* City Hall ~ C2U '' p~~ ~~' Oj' ~ P nnsylvania Ave. city of City of Forest Hill ~, ~ i ~~ JH Arlington City of .~. j"` i Gti~ .9rlington 'k ~ /I / / a ~ r ~ Gtr --------~ 1 "-., E - ~ ~ ~~ I ~., ~ H S ,~ I I p ` `t eek 1 ~ V O ~ I ~ E City of •~ . ~ ~i .~ aG C -~ ~ Arlington ~ ~ i City of Fort Worth ~ u e ~ eM Q ~ r Cemetery ~"' ~ V 4U ~~ --------- ~ Kennedale S blet Rd. ` . ~ i Lon Stephenson ~'2U Broadway U (Alta Mesa Blv . '~• , ^ ~ ~ ~ ~ Averett R •: `~ • ~ ~~! \ • '~ ~ ii ~ '~ { i ~ _ _ ~ i ~ a ,'~vernh~h Kennedale 8u Rd. ~ ` _ C2U 1 11 city of Fort ~ ~`~ (~ Swiney Hiett Rd. ~ I I `Worth ETJ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ RV c+.~ ~, 1 1 `~ ' i n. is ' ~~ , ' I - I. ~ ~ _ M4U ' 11 II \~~ \\ \ : ~ ~ s~ ~ E t II ~ ~ ~ I I -- ~ . a may d, Q _ , • ~, ~ s I1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~; I I ` ~ v 4 ~' U^ ShelbylRd. ~` a s d~a. ~ city of ~ ~ P ) ` \ ~ I '~Jd/ ~~ Arlington Ever ` „ I Nj~j' o I `` ~o'. ^ ;~ ~ ~ \ ^ ~ ~ ~ ~' i ~;• `~ ~' Hudson Village reek Rd. ~' 1 • ~~ -o ~ ~ I ~_ n m ~ ~ Hudson Ce tery a Wifson Rtt ;, a Tarrant County _ N ~ ~,~ ~ ~ t 3 City of Fort YYorth ETJ Rd' ~' u ~ ~~ { r: :. ~ ------------ --~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ t ~ a~ rn ~ \ ~ (~ Y ~ ~.. ` ~ ~ ~ \ ~ R Shelby Rd. ,,~~~~I~ ~ ~~ ~ Cit1J of lbtansfield .\ ~ w M4U Tarrant County •~~1 ~. ~ M4U McPherson Rd. City of Fort Worth ETJ ''*•i Future Land Use Legend ~ Dick Price Rd. ~ ~ ~ Single Family Residential Public/Semi-public '~ Increased Intensity Residential Commercial ~ Entry Feature Manufactured Housing C~ Industrial ~•-••• Bike Trail ~~~-~ r~~-~;: Multifamily Residential (Apt.) Sanitary Landfill ~~ Existing Thoroughfare Parks/Open Space Water Reservoirs ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ^ Proposed Thoroughfare Planning Principles The planning principles used in the Kennedale Comprehensive Land Use planning effort determine the urban form of the City. Urban form is generally defined as the physical pattern and configuration that cities take as land is developed. The urban form elements used in the City of Kennedale Comprehensive Land Use Plan include the neighborhood concept, the commercial node development form, the commercial corridor development form, edges and transitions, screening walls and buffers, and focal points and entry statements. Although development opportunities may arise in the future that are not consistent with the Future Land Use Plan map, such development would not necessarily be inconsistent with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. In these situations, the development should be required to occur in accordance with the planning principles and development goals as defined in this Comprehensive Land Use Plan text document. Therefore, in situations where it appears that the character of development is consistent with the principles described in the Comprehensive Plan text, deviations and/or variations from the Future Land Use Plan map may occur. Kennedale's neighborhoods are currently developing and have not yet achieved the classic neighborhood concept form. As the streets and roadway develop in conformance with the Master Thoroughfare Plan these neighborhoods should grow and mature. Future Land Use Plan Map Figure 7.2, Future Land Use Plan illustrates the future pattern of land use for the City of Kennedale. This plan was developed in accordance with the goals and objectives that were developed in the early stages of the planning process. Residential Development The Future Land Use Plan addresses four residential categories: single family residential, increased intensity residential (duplex/triplex/fourplex or townhouses), multifamily residential (apartments) and manufactured housing (mobile home parks). Single Family Residential The single family residential land use is the category with the largest amount of land area. The existing low-density residential development includes a range of lot and home sizes and values. This category is composed of single family units that occur throughout the city with scattered duplexes or garage apartments in the predominately single family neighborhoods. The opportunities for executive houses and meaningful "move up" residential units are occurring in isolated locations in eastern part of Kennedale. ' Increased Intensity Residential ' The increased intensity residential areas have more units per acre than standard single family areas, and are located in clusters or bands to provide a transitional residential use between the standard single family residential areas and higher intensity uses such as multifamily, commercial or industrial. The increased intensity residential land use category is very flexible and can include a wide variety of ' housing types, yet this "in-between" housing market can be very difficult to tap. There are several locations in Kennedale proposed for increased intensity residential to be used as transitional areas. ' CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 7-3 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Future Land Use Plan ~lo~c~~ f1n 0~~~ I Some of the areas shown on the Future Land Use Plan map as increased intensity residential were w previously designated for higher density multifamily (apartments) or commercial land uses. Multifamily Residential The Citizens Planning Committee felt that the availability of multifamily residential in Kennedale and in Arlington should be adequate to serve any local demands for apartments. No new multifamily areas are proposed in the City of Kennedale. Manufactured Housing Kennedale has several established mobile home parks within the city. The Danny Drive area in south Kennedale off Hudson Village Creek Road has been shown on the Future Land Use Plan as manufactured housing. The Avalon development on North Road is another area. This manufactured housing residential area is a mixture of individually owned units and leased units. The Future land use Plan shows this area expanding and growing to include a larger land area with more units in the future. The other existing mobile home parks will be encouraged to redevelop as commercial or increased intensity residential. Commercial Development Mansfield Highway (Business 287) Commercial Corridor The major commercial corridor will remain Mansfield Highway. This central commercial corridor should continue to develop and redevelop and the City should begin to utilize the corridor planning principles. The City of Kennedale wants to "put its best foot forward", so this commercial corridor should be attractive and clean. The best way for the City to achieve this is to use the corridor planning principles to ensure that orderly and desirable development patterns emerge. The Mansfield Highway corridor offers the most potential for commercial and sales tax growth for the City of Kennedale. The traffic counts on Mansfield Highway will continually increase and the visibility of the adjacent commercial areas will allow them to attract customers from outside of the normal Kennedale market. The City of Kennedale should aggressively pursue the corridor principals. The corridor principles of shared access, increased landscaping and coordination of building facades will transform these existing commercial areas into more aesthetically pleasing spaces which will encourage repeat business and improve the economic viability of the businesses. Provisions should be added to the Kennedale Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances regulating the number of curb cuts, amount of landscaping, and other site-related issues to implement the commercial corridor principle. Kennedale Little School Road Commercial Node There is a major commercial development pending on Kennedale Little School Road between the freeway frontage road and Treepoint Drive. This commercial development could be allowed to extend to the south along the west side of Kennedale Little School Road. Kennedale Little School Road &Kennedale Sublett Road Commercial Node As Kennedale Little School Road and Kennedale Sublett Road continue to increase in traffic volume, the viability of a large neighborhood or community size shopping center at this location becomes more likely. Page 7-4 CITY OF KENNEDALE Future Land Use Plan COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN ' Specialty Commercial -Racetracks The City of Kennedale has several major commercial land uses that attract other people to come to ' Kennedale. Three of these related land uses are clustered in south central Kennedale and attract large numbers of participants and spectators to Kennedale every weekend. These three land uses are: • Texas Raceway (drag strip), ' • Cowtown Speedway (oval track), and • Kennedale Speedway Park (oval track). ' Kennedale has a long tradition of hosting these weekend racers. These racetracks compete for business, but they also attract a large enough attendance to keep all of the racetracks open and expanding. ' These intensive weekend land uses cause problems similar to other commercial sports fields... problems of traffic and noise. The existing access to the tracks is from Business 287 (Mansfield Highway) to Kennedale-New Hope Road. This routes the race traffic directly in front of Kennedale ' City Hall and by the Community Center. One of the elements of the Kennedale Major Thoroughfare Plan (MTP) is to construct an arterial street from Mansfield Highway across the railroad double track with an overpays. Tl~e fri;~~ary reas:,n for the overpass will be to open up the undeveloped property immediately west of the railroad track for industrial development; but it will also provide improved ' access from Mansfield Highway to the racetracks. Secondary access from Hudson Village Creek Road will also need to be improved. The noise factor is a significant nuisance. Residents all over Kennedale report hearing the track noise ' to varying degrees. Some residents in Arlington north of Interstate 20 also report hearing the noise from the tracks. This noise factor restricts the uses in the immediate vicinity of the tracks. There may be a limited market for "racetrack residences" that would be purchased by racing enthusiasts or ' associated business owners. The undeveloped land to the east should develop as industrial with the availability of railroad access. The creek and floodplain area to the west provides a limited buffer from the tracks to the existing low-density single family residential to the west. Additional residential development to the southwest of the racetracks should be limited to larger acreage tracts to limit the ' number of homes impacted by the noise from the racetracks. Although the racetracks have always been identified as "in Kennedale" and most of the traffic going to ' the racetracks over the years went through Kennedale, the actual tracks were located in unincorporated Tarrant County. When the Kennedale became a home rule city, the City proceeded with the annexation of the entire racetrack area. Since these are existing, viable, successful businesses, the City has decided to allow continuation of the racetracks, but to regulate them. ' The unregulated emission of noise at high decibel levels at all hours of the day and night is not acceptable. The decibel volume of the automotive engines needs to be mitigated by the use of mufflers ' or other noise reducers on the vehicles. The racetracks should pursue a reduction of noise emitted from the sites by constructing earthen berms and walls to deflect the sound upward (rather than outward). The racetracks should also be encouraged to plant additional trees, shrubs and other vegetation to help absorb more of the sound. Both of these noise reduction techniques can be ' employed immediately adjacent to the noise generators (the racetracks) and also around the perimeter of the area to decrease the sound level of the noise leaving the properties. The other method of mitigating the negative impact of noise emissions from the racetracks is to restrict ' the hours of operation. Most of the racing occurs on weekends, but it may last well beyond 12:00 midnight. At that late hour the ambient noise level of the city is lower, so the sound from the automotive races seems louder and can: ies further in the still night air. The hours of the racing may be ' regulated, or maximum decibel levels could be set for different times of the day. By lowering the maximum sound level after midnight it could effectively reduce the nuisance factor of the racetrack use. The City will not encourage the expansion of these types of commercial uses. ' CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 7-5 ' COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Future Land Use Plan G~O~C~~ MO~~~ I Industrial Development Industrial land uses are the most intense in nature. This intensity makes the location requirements very important. Industrial uses should be located near major arterials, or freeways, to provide easy access for semi-trailer trucks. Commercial land uses and open space should be used to buffer residential development from the effects of the industrial land uses. Regulations regarding landscaping and performance standards should be imposed, in order to ensure that additional industrial land uses will be an asset to the City of Kennedale. Kennedale Industrial Park The need for a major rail-served industrial park in southeast Tarrant County is growing. The City of Arlington has large blocks of land available for commercial and office development with excellent freeway access, but the availability of rail-served property is limited. The creation of a railroad grade separation to provide direct access to the undeveloped property to the west of the railroad tracks would open this area up to a significant amount of rail -related industrial development. Automotive Salvage Yards & Used Automotive Parts Sales The existing automotive salvage yards and used automotive parts sales businesses are viable businesses that attract buyers from all over north Texas. The number of related businesses increases the business attraction and an identity. The key to the long-term success of this area is to create a two tiered business/industrial land use. The retail portion of the businesses should occupy the Mansfield Highway frontage and the salvage/wrecking yard portion of the businesses shifting to the west to remain along the railroad tracks. Some of the salvage yard/used automotive parts sales have already been developed in this manner. Other competing businesses should be encouraged or regulated to do a comparable type of development. Public &Semi-Public Educational Facilities There are no new public schools currently planned for construction within the corporate limits of the City of Kennedale. The new residential areas within Kennedale will be served by the existing school facilities. If school enrollment increases significantly, the expansion of buildings on the existing school sites would seem to be preferable to the acquisition of new sites. Kennedale Independent School District (KISD) is a separate governmental entity that operates independently from the City government. Much of the growth in the KISD will be to the east of US 287 in the City of Arlington. Any new school sites will probably be in this area to the east, and outside the city limits of Kennedale. The northern portion of the City of Kennedale north of Village Creek is in the Fort Worth Independent School District (FWISD) and no FWISD school facilities are anticipated in this isolated portion of the FWISD. The extraterritorial jurisdiction area of Kennedale to the southwest is also in the FWISD. The FWISD does not have any current plans for any schools in this area. The playgrounds, sports facilities and open space at all of the KISD campuses are shown on the Future Land Use Plan map to acknowledge the recreational and open space needs that these areas fulfill. Although no formal joint use agreement exists between the City and the school district, most of these areas are available for use of the residents "after-hours". Whether the neighborhood residents "use" the school facilities as active sports fields, or as passive open spaces to relieve the congestion of suburban development, the neighborhood benefits from the school open spaces. While the KISD provides all maintenance and upkeep for these facilities and spaces, the City of Kennedale residents use and enjoy these areas; but these City residents are also residents and taxpayers in the school district. Page 7-6 CITY OF KENNEDALE Future Land Use Plan COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Municipal Facilities The City of Kennedale is planning a Municipal Complex to be built in conjunction with the Kennedale Law Enforcement Center and the Kennedale Senior Citizens Center. Library Facilities The Kennedale Public Library is centrally located at 201 North New Hope Road adjacent to Kennedale City Hall. Postal Facilities The Kennedale Post Office is to be relocated across Mansfield Highway from the present location. Parks, Recreation, and Open Space In 1997 a Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Master Plan addressed the park and recreation facility needs for the Ciiy and made recommendations concerning the parks system. The master plan focused on existing city owned park properties and how they should be developed. The Future Land Use Plan proposes three additional areas for park development. The Village Creek floodplain between the railroad and I-20 should be used as parks and open space. The existing salvage yards west of Mansfield Highway encroach into the floodplain and the floodway and need to be cleaned up. As this area is returned to open space the creek can be used for recreational boating and canoeing activities. This section of Village Creek has a supplemental water source from the Cedar Creek raw water pipeline. During periods of low rainfall and limited runoff the pipeline discharges water into Village Creek to flow into Lake Arlington. In the eastern portion of the floodplain area near the reconstruction of Bowman Springs Road a major community park could be created. The second additional area proposed for park and open space development are the existing sand and gravel mining areas between Kennedale New Hope Road and Dick Price Road. As the sand and gravel operations come to a close and the areas around them develop into residential subdivisions, parks or even a golf course would be good alternative land uses to utilize the former gravel pit areas. As described above, the KISD school facilities supplement the parks and open space provided by the City. For more information about the Kennedale park system the master plan should be consulted. It contains information regarding present and future park and recreational facilities, and recommendations that serve as a guide for incorporation of park and open space areas in existing and future areas of development. The Master Park Plan is available for review at City Hall. CITY OF KENNEDALE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Page 7-7 Future Land Use Plan L~ O~C~~ I General Chapter 8. Implementation A critical component of the planning process is the implementation, or execution, of the plans that have been developed. An implementation strategy will have the effect of turning this Plan from a study document into a tool that will help Kennedale achieve the land use Goals and Objectives developed by its citizens. If implementation measures are not included in the Comprehensive Planning process, these goals may never be realized. A number of methods may be used to implement the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. The City may wish to use some or all of the following measures: • Ordinance Application; • Official Map Maintenance; • Checklists, Forms, and Applications Revision; and • The Planning Program The Comprehensive Land Use Plan is usually implemented by utilizing a combination of the above methods. One method may adequately implement one portion of the Plan, or a number of methods may be required. The following text addresses the different implementation methods and provides a description of how they are recommended to be used in the implementation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Application of the Plan What do the Goals and Objectives for the City of Kennedale say? The Comprehensive Land Use Plan provides guidance for future development in three primary ways. First, all planning and zoning decisions should be made with regard to the Goals and Objectives developed by the citizens during the initial stages of the planning process. If a proposed development would be in accordance with the Goals and Objectives, it should be seriously considered for approval. If the proposed development is in conflict with the Goals and Objectives, it should be revised in order to reflect the stated land use desires of the citizens. How should Planning Principles be applied to this situation? Second, the Comprehensive Land Use Plan has provided a description of applicable planning principles for Kennedale, which are provided in the Urban Design chapter of this document. They include the neighborhood concept, nodal and corridor commercial development forms, the establishment of edges, and the use of transitional land uses, buffering, and screening techniques. These planning principles should be considered by city officials when making decisions affecting development in the city. The neighborhood concept and commercial development forms should be employed when determining the placement of land uses and infrastructure in future developments. Edges, transitional uses, buffering, and screening techniques will be beneficial when considering the compatibility of adjacent land uses and their effects on one another. ~l o~c~~ CITY OF KENNEDALE Page 8-1 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Implementation ~~-, What does the Future Land Use Map recommend for this area? Finally, planning and zoning decisions should be made in agreement with the Future Land Use Map. This map is provided in the Future Land Use Plan chapter of this document. The Future Land Use Map provides a general picture of how land uses may be arranged to reflect the growth goals and objectives of the City. It is important to note that this map does not serve the same purpose as the City's zoning map. The Future Land Use Map is not law. It does not dictate exact boundaries of land uses. Therefore, it should be considered to be somewhat flexible. Changes other than those literally shown on the map can be made with the assurance that they are not in conflict with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan if they are in agreement with the goals and objectives and the planning principles provided in this text document. Adopted Policies Adopted policies are often credited with a great amount of authority. The staff and officials of many cities consider adopted policies as only one step short of law. Generally, official policies provide the city staff, the Planning and Zoning Commission, and the City Council with specific guidelines regarding development issues. The purpose of the Goals and Objectives contained in the Goals and Objectives chapter of this document is to give the city staff and elected officials direction so that official policies may be developed. The following policies are examples of those that may be adopted by the City regarding development issues. While this is not an exhaustive accounting of all possible development policies, it is recommended that the following policies be adopted in order to provide guidelines to assist the staff and appointed and elected officials in following through with the adopted Goals and Objectives of the City. Recommended Policies: Conformance with the Plan: The City should establish a policy requiring new development and redevelopment to conform to the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. All zoning and platting requests are measured for compatibility with the Plan. Staff reports written on platting and zoning issues should include commentary on the conformance with the request to the Plan, and non- conformance with the Plan may be sufficient grounds for denial or a negative recommendation of the request. Maintenance of the Plan: The effectiveness of the Plan should continue to be monitored annually. Monitoring allows the City to measure progress of plan implementation. It also serves as an indication of changing conditions and trends that may suggest the need for revisions to the Plan. Items to be addressed in the annual staff review should include conformance with current development trends, number of zoning requests granted that did not conform to the Plan, and recommendations of the Plan that are being implemented or have been implemented. The result of the report will be to recommend that the Plan be maintained in either its current condition for another year or that it be revised to comply with current development goals and objectives being observed by the City. • Cooperation with other governmental entities: The City should continue to maintain an open channel between governmental entities, advising them of Kennedale's plans, and should remain cognizant of their plans. If conflicts arise between Kennedale and another agency, the city staff should communicate these conflicts to the city leaders and work toward minimum negative impact on all participants affected. • Update Materials: The city staff should refine and update applications, checklists, and procedures to insure that development controls are adequate to retain long term property values and quality of life. Page 8-2 CITY OF KENNEDALE Implementation COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN ' • Enforcement of Ordinances and Regulations: The City should enforce current ordinances and regulations and adopt new ordinances and regulations that will better assist in controlling signage, ' refuse, nuisance, animal control, clean up and removal of junk, elimination of dilapidated and unsafe buildings, and other code enforcement issues. • City Initiated Re-zoning: The City may choose to review existing zoning. If deemed appropriate, ' the City may initiate re-zoning of areas that do not conform to the general guidelines for development or reflect the proposed land uses according to the updated Future Land Use Plan Map. ' • Consideration of Thoroughfares: The City should also be in the practice of considering the Thoroughfare Plan when making land use decisions that may be affected by traffic. The City should periodically review the Thoroughfare Plan to evaluate its consistency with current growth ' philosophies. • Public Involvement: The Comprehensive Land Use Plan is a tool to be used by the City. The application of this tool may be better facilitated if the development community also realizes that it ' is a documentthat must be respected. The City should adopt a policy that compliance with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan is necessary, in addition to compliance with the Subdivision Regulations Ordinance and the Zoning Ordinance. The City should keep sufficient copies of the ' Plan on hand to be distributed to the general public in the same manner as the Subdivision Regulations Ordinance and Zoning Ordinance. • Annual Review of Comprehensive Plan by Planning & Zoning Commission and Report to City ' Council: In June of each year the Planning and Zoning Commission should conduct a review of all P & Z actions as they relate to the Comprehensive Plan and note special areas that may need additional study. The timing of this review is intended to feed into the City Council budget ' process by submitting the "special areas for additional study" for budgetary considerations. • Develop and Adopt a Planning Program: Establishment of a sound Planning Program is the most effective method to implement a Comprehensive Plan. The Planning Program should continue to ' be updated as needed to implement the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, and ensure that development occurs in a coordinated manner. This would include the appointment of a citizen planning committee and a complete review of the Comprehensive Plan every three years. ' Ordinance Application ' Ordinances are recognized as municipal law and are binding as such. Two documents that are adopted in ordinance form and should be continually maintained are the Zoning Ordinance and the Subdivision Regulations Ordinance. These serve as the primary implementation tools for the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. ' Zoning Ordinance: The basic purpose of the Zoning Ordinance is to carry out the land use policies and recommendations ' that are contained in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Specifically, the Zoning Ordinance classifies and regulates the use of land, buildings, and structures within the City. The ordinance is divided into two elements that are dependent upon one another: the zoning text and the zoning map. The zoning ' text tells how the land may be used. The zoning map indicates where it may be used in the manner described in the zoning text. ' Subdivision Regulations: Subdivisions may be required to comply with the general layout of streets, placement of corridors and arterials, and the general urban form principles as provided in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. ' ITY OF KENNEDALE Page 8-3 C COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Implementation ao~c~~ Each plat should be reviewed by the planning staff and addressed by the Planning and Zoning Commission and City Council regarding this compliance. Noncompliance with the Plan may constitute a position contrary to the public health, welfare, and general safety of the residents of the community. Language in the Subdivision Regulations should be reviewed to confirm that compliance with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan is required. In addition, the Subdivision Regulations should be updated to include recent changes in state law, which have occurred. Official Map Maintenance The Future Land Use Map and Zoning Map are the principal maps associated with the implementation of comprehensive planning efforts for Kennedale. The Future Land Use Map provides the desired general location of all land uses in Kennedale. The locations of land uses on this map are influenced by the Thoroughfare Plan, which facilitates access and traffic circulation throughout the planning area. The Thoroughfare Plan is described in the Thoroughfares chapter of this document. It is important to note that since the Future Land Use Map indicates land use in a general manner, it will not necessarily show specific information on specific properties. Nevertheless, as development occurs in Kennedale, the Future Land Use Map will provide guidance regarding land use principles and expected development trends. All property in the City of Kennedale is zoned. The Official Zoning Map represents the legal zoning classifications of all property within the City, and is enforceable as provided by state statute. Following adoption of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, city staff and planning consultant will be comparing the Zoning Map with the Future Land Use Map, in order to identify areas that are in conflict on the maps. One method of resolving differences between the maps is by the city initiating the rezoning of property. As long as the appropriate procedures of due process are observed, city- initiated re-zoning may be used to bring property into compliance with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Criteria should be established to determine the appropriateness of rezoning specific property, and a public information campaign may be necessary if a large number of properties are proposed for rezoning. The conflict between the zoning of properties and their future land use designation may also be resolved over an extended time period by applying the Future Land Use Map to future zoning requests as they are requested. Checklist, Form, and Application Revision Checklists, forms, and applications are the basic "hands on" tools that assist the zoning official in determining compliance with adopted City plans and policies. The City's checklists, forms, and applications that relate to land use development should contain language that requires compliance with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Planning Program One of the most familiar programs that cities use to implement long range plans is the Capital Improvements Program. The Capital Improvements Program consists of a listing of planned physical improvements that are to be undertaken during a specific period of time, usually five years. Staff time and financial resources are allocated to the elements of the program, in order to ensure that the projects are appropriately budgeted. The Planning Program should continue to be reviewed annually and additional planning projects that have been determined necessary to implement the Comprehensive Land Use Plan should be added to the Planning Program. Page 8-4 Implementation CITY OF KENNEDALE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN